Members of IL-1 family of cytokines favor the generation of IL-3–secreting CD4+ T cells in vitro. Members of IL-1 family of cytokines favor the generation.

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Members of IL-1 family of cytokines favor the generation of IL-3–secreting CD4+ T cells in vitro. Members of IL-1 family of cytokines favor the generation of IL-3–secreting CD4+ T cells in vitro. (A) CD4+ T cells from naive C57BL/6 mice were purified and cultured on plates coated with anti-CD3 and CD28 Abs in the presence of indicated cytokines and blocking Abs to IFN-γ, IL-12, and IL-4. On day 5 of culture, cells were stimulated with PMA and ionomycin followed by intracellular cytokine staining. During analysis of the flow cytometry data, CD4+ T cells were identified as single cells from the lymphocyte gate (FSC/SSC) that are positive for CD4 and negative for LIVE/DEAD stain, CD8α, B220, and MHC II. Absolute numbers of IL-3–secreting CD4+ T cells in each condition are shown. Ab indicates mixture of Abs to IFN-γ, IL-12, and IL-4. The p value for one-way ANOVA is <0.0001. The p values of post hoc tests that compare other groups to control group with no Ab or cytokines added (none) are provided above each bar after correcting for multiple testing. ****p = 0.0001, ***p = 0.0008. ns, not significant. The figure represents results of two independent experiments. (B) Splenocytes from OT-II TCR-Tg mice were cultured in the presence of OVA323–339 peptide, IL-1α, and blocking Abs to IFN-γ, IL-12, and IL-4. On day 5 of culture, cells were stimulated with PMA and ionomycin followed by intracellular cytokine staining. Gating strategy as in (A). The bar graph depicts the percentage of CD4+ T cells secreting each cytokine. The p value for one-way ANOVA is <0.0001. The p values of post hoc tests that compare other groups to IL-10 group are provided above each bar after correcting for multiple testing. ****p = 0.0001. ns, not significant. The figure represents results of two independent experiments. (C) Further analyses of the data represented in (B). Contour plots of CD4+ T cells representing coexpression of IL-3 with cytokines characteristic of known T helper subsets are shown. Shajo Kunnath-Velayudhan et al. ImmunoHorizons 2019;3:161-171 Copyright © 2019 The Authors