Invasive Plant Management on Military Installations 3 Success Stories

Arnold Air Force Base, TN Arnold Air Force Base, TN Parris Island USMC, South Carolina Parris Island USMC, South Carolina Fort Detrick USAG, Maryland Fort Detrick USAG, Maryland

Integrated Pest Management

Various Herbicide Application Methods Cut stump Cut stump High volume foliar High volume foliar Low volume foliar Low volume foliar Basal bark Basal bark Girdling Girdling Others… Others…

Steven T Manning Invasive Plant Control, Inc.

Japanese Stilt Grass Microstegium vimineum

Kudzu Pueraria montana Native of Asia Native of Asia Covers 14,000,000 acres in the south Covers 14,000,000 acres in the south May grow 60 feet per year May grow 60 feet per year

Bicolor Lespedeza Lespedeza bicolor

Before Treatment After Treatment

Autumn Olive Elaeagnus umbellata Native of China & Japan Native of China & Japan Classified as a top 3 most difficult to control Classified as a top 3 most difficult to control Thorns Thorns Growth pattern Growth pattern Shiny silver back of leaf makes identification easy Shiny silver back of leaf makes identification easy

Autumn Olive in Tullahoma, TN Arnold Air Force Base

AEDC To Date 5 Years of contracting 5 Years of contracting Primary targets are now under control Primary targets are now under control Primary species controlled Primary species controlled Lespedezas Lespedezas Kudzu Kudzu Chinese privet Chinese privet Garlic mustard Garlic mustard Autumn Olive Autumn Olive Fescue Fescue

Management Plan Development Mapping

Unit 5

China Berry Melia azedarach L Can out compete forest crops as seen below on the base Can out compete forest crops as seen below on the base Priority 2

Chinese tallow Sapium sebiferum Can out compete forest crops as seen below on the base Can out compete forest crops as seen below on the base Priority 1

Disturbances such as logging create the perfect growth scenario for Chinese Tallow Tree

Tamarisk Imperata cylindrica Tamarisk Imperata cylindrica Patches located along roadsides are beginning to invade natural areas and wetlands Patches located along roadsides are beginning to invade natural areas and wetlands Priority 2 Priority 2 Priority 2

Tamarisk growing in the western US--Normal

Tamarisk growing in the eastern US?????

Parris Island To Date Mapping and Management Plan Complete Mapping and Management Plan Complete 2003 treatment of Chinese Tallow and Chinaberry complete 2003 treatment of Chinese Tallow and Chinaberry complete Maintenance of treated sites is underway internally Maintenance of treated sites is underway internally

Frederick Maryland

Privet Ligustrum species

Tree of Heaven Ailanthus altissima Native of China Native of China Introduced in late 1700s Introduced in late 1700s Exudes a foul odor when crushed Exudes a foul odor when crushed Can grow 8 feet in the 1st year Can grow 8 feet in the 1st year Allelopathic Allelopathic Mature trees can reach 80 feet or more in height Mature trees can reach 80 feet or more in height

SUMACAilanthus

Steven T Manning Invasive Plant Control, Inc.

Girdling/Treating & Basal Bark Treating Benefits Benefits Wildlife Wildlife Significantly reduces control costs Significantly reduces control costs

Multi-Flora Rose Rosa multiflora Introduced from Japan, Korea, eastern China in 1886 as an ornamental Introduced from Japan, Korea, eastern China in 1886 as an ornamental 1930s promoted as a living fence 1930s promoted as a living fence Medium sized shrub is capable of producing 500,000-1,000,000 seeds Medium sized shrub is capable of producing 500,000-1,000,000 seeds Multiflora rose was introduced from Japan, Korea, and eastern China in 1886 as rootstock for ornamental roses Multiflora rose was introduced from Japan, Korea, and eastern China in 1886 as rootstock for ornamental roses

grows to (13 ft)

NATIVE RANGE: India to Eastern Asia, China and the Islands from Japan to the Phillipines NATIVE RANGE: India to Eastern Asia, China and the Islands from Japan to the Phillipines Also called Devils Tail Also called Devils Tail Annual Annual Overtops Vegetation Overtops Vegetation Negative aspects for forestry and Christmas Tree operations Negative aspects for forestry and Christmas Tree operations Mile a Minute Vine Polygonum perfoliatum

Japanese honeysuckle Lonicera japonica Native of Nagasaki area of Japan Native of Nagasaki area of Japan Found on forest edges & fence rows Found on forest edges & fence rows Creeping vine & fragrant flowers Creeping vine & fragrant flowers May girdle or over-top vegetation May girdle or over-top vegetation

English Ivy Hedera helix L Ginseng family Ginseng family Vines attach to the bark of trees, brickwork, and other surfaces by way of numerous, small rootlike structures Vines attach to the bark of trees, brickwork, and other surfaces by way of numerous, small rootlike structures Many recognized leaf forms Many recognized leaf forms Introduced to the US by European immigrants Introduced to the US by European immigrants

Musk and CanadaThistles

Before After

Before and After Transline and Nu-Film

Invasion on New Tree Plantings

Fort Detrick Conclusions Developed a management plan Developed a management plan Prioritized control sites Prioritized control sites Implemented control methods Implemented control methods Maintain previously treated sites Maintain previously treated sites