Treatment algorithm for patients admitted with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and hyperglycaemic hyperosmolar state (HHS) (ECG, electrocardiogram; FBC, full.

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Copyright 2008 Society of Critical Care Medicine Management of Life- Threatening Electrolyte and Metabolic Disturbances.

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INVESTIGATIONS AND DIFFERENTIALS OF HYPERGLYCAEMIC EMERGENCIES

Recent advances in the monitoring and management of diabetic ketoacidosis by T.M. Wallace, and D.R. Matthews QJM Volume 97(12): November 29, 2004.

This patient at 33 weeks was admitted in diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)

Basic biochemistry of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)

Protocol for the management of adult patients with DKA

ECG of a patient with acute inferior myocardial infarction.

Chest radiograph (A) showing confluent infiltrations of the left and right lower lobe. Chest radiograph (A) showing confluent infiltrations of the left.

Figure Photomicrograph of the lung biopsy showing a focus of interstitial pneumonitis composed of lymphocytes and macrophages with occasional eosinophils.

Chest radiograph of a 60 year old man, with rheumatoid arthritis and progressive dyspnoea, showing signs of fibrosing alveolitis with basal volume loss.

A 35 year old patient with PSS and dyspnoea.

(A) Colonic mucosa with inflammation and necrosis (× 40) and (B) at higher magnification (× 100). (A) Colonic mucosa with inflammation and necrosis (×

Protocol for management of adult patients with DKA or HHS

Protocol for the management of adult patients with HHS

Effect of 50 g lactose on breath hydrogen in the three principal genetic groups. Effect of 50 g lactose on breath hydrogen in the three principal genetic.

Glial stained section through the midbrain of a patient with PSP showing midbrain atrophy with dilation of the cerebral aqueduct and gliosis of the substantia.

Transthoracic echocardiogram parasternal long axis image.

Protocol for the management of pediatric patients (250 mg/dl, venous pH

Nat. Rev. Endocrinol. doi: /nrendo

Protocol for the management of adult patients with HHS

Blastic, angiocentric, Epstein-Barr virus positive B-cell infiltration from colon: haematoxylin and eosin stain (A), CD 20 immunostaining (B) and in situ.

Observed 60 day mortality from ARDS Network clinical Trials from 1997 to Observed 60 day mortality from ARDS Network clinical Trials from 1997 to.

Pharmacological prophylaxis in patients with recurrent gout, clinical tophi, or radiological erosiosns. * Contraindications to uricosuric drugs include:

Suggested algorithm for evaluating a raised ALP (ALP, alkaline phosphatase; ERCP, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography; GGT, gammaglutamyl transferase;

MRI showing a venous infarct in the parasagittal area on the right and enhancement around the thrombus in the superior sagittal sinus (T1-weighted image.

(A) A patient with anterior acute myocardial infarction with grade II ischaemia. (A) A patient with anterior acute myocardial infarction with grade II.

Pre-treatment chest computed tomogram of same patient as in fig 1 showing coalescing aortopulmonary (AP) and paratracheal (PT) nodes with matting (M) and.

A 54 year old man with two hours of chest pain.

This beautifully drawn picture of the vertebral column by Sir Charles Bell shows the pathology of spinal cord injury. This beautifully drawn picture.

Simplified diagram showing the major pain pathways from the viscera to the central nervous system. Simplified diagram showing the major pain pathways.

Diabetes prevalence probability curves.

Protocol for the management of adult patients with DKA

Computed tomogram without contrast showing large right CSDH extending from the frontal lobe to the parietal lobe with blood in the lateral ventricles.

Longitudinal (left, with electronic cursors) and transverse (right, with arrows) ultrasound images of the palpable breast mass showing a solid 2.5 cm long,

Chest radiograph of a 51 year old man who underwent autologous BMT for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, showing bilateral interstitial infiltrates. Chest radiograph.

18-FDOPA uptake scan showing loss of uptake in the putamen in PD and both caudate and putamen in PSP. Courtesy of Dr P Piccini and Prof D Brooks, MRC Cyclotron.

Algorithm for the use of Heliox in the treatments of exacerbations of asthma as used in Bridgeport Hospital, Connecticut. Algorithm for the use of Heliox.

Diabetic ketoacidosis and hyperosmolar crisis in adults

Serial biopsy samples taken from the patient in figs 1and 2, showing from left to right: acute myocarditis, healing myocarditis, dilated cardiomyopathy.

Pharmacological management of patients with newly discovered atrial fibrillation. Pharmacological management of patients with newly discovered atrial fibrillation.

Pharmacological management of patients with recurrent paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. Pharmacological management of patients with recurrent paroxysmal.

12 lead ECG demonstrating ST segment elevation and prominent Q waves in the anterior distribution. 12 lead ECG demonstrating ST segment elevation and prominent.

Pharmacological management of patients with recurrent persistent or permanent atrial fibrillation. Pharmacological management of patients with recurrent.

A patient with inferior acute myocardial infarction with grade II ischaemia. A patient with inferior acute myocardial infarction with grade II ischaemia.

Histopathology showing “nesiodioblastosis” from a case of fibrocalculous pancreatic diabetes, showing islet tissue arising from ductal remnants (aminoethylcarbazole.

Image shown depicts the generation of a gradient in B0 in the Z direction. Image shown depicts the generation of a gradient in B0 in the Z direction. For.

Relationship between renal furosemide excretion rate or urinary diuretic concentration (log value) and excretion of sodium in normal subjects (left curve)

Bowel gas displacement II

Protocol for the management of pediatric patients (250 mg/dl, venous pH

Colitis. Colitis. (A) Plain radiograph showing dilated loop of transverse colon (white arrow), consistent with toxic megacolon, and featureless oedematous.

High resolution chest computed tomograms of the chest in case 2 with subacute hypersensitivity pneumonitis: (A) ground glass opacifications and centriacinar.

Protocol for the management of adult patients with DKA

Plain radiograph of foot from a patient with chronic tophaceous gout showing asymmetrical soft tissue swellings consistent with tophi, and punched out.

Astrocytoma. Astrocytoma. (A) T1 weighted. (B) T1 weighted image with gadolinium demonstrates an ill defined heterogeneously enhancing mass (white arrows)

Patient groups: necrobacillosis and Lemierre’s.

T2-weighted magnetic resonance image showing extensive area of increased signal in the right, and to a lesser extent, left temporal lobe in a case of HSE.

Demonstration of false positive and false negative using a dichotomous cut point. Demonstration of false positive and false negative using a dichotomous.

(A) Flushed appearance of face with reddish discoloration of lips; (B) positive Hess’s test with surrounding petechiae; (C) characteristic petechial rash.

Distribution of blood glucose levels by screening test in patients with diabetes and patients without diabetes; to convert mg/100 ml to mmol/l multiply.

Venn diagram highlighting the reason(s) for an invalid liver stiffness evaluation (LSE) in the biopsied patients only. 56/153 patients had an invalid LSE.

The grades of ischaemia.

ST segment elevation in a chest pain patient with left ventricular aneurysm (case 2)—ST segment elevation is seen in the inferior leads. ST segment elevation.

Life satisfaction scores according to psychiatric disorder.

Service satisfaction scores according to psychiatric disorder.

Right selective coronary angiogram in the right anterior oblique projection (ROA 43°) showing aneurysmal dilatation of the right coronary artery at the.

Figure Three-lead ECG (II, V3, V5) recorded during the recovery phase of a standard exercise test, revealing a sinus bradycardia followed by prolonged.

Small bowel obstruction due to obstructed obturator hernia.

Artifacts that can resemble a fracture: Mach effect (a dark line that represents the dorsal lip of the radius) (black arrow), a white line that represents.

Skin punch biopsy from an upper back lesion showing extensive dermal neutrophilic infiltrate consistent with diagnosis of Sweet's syndrome. Skin punch.

The use of 12 lead electrocardiography and cardiac troponins in the diagnostic evaluation of suspected acute coronary syndrome. *It is unusual to find.

Presentation transcript:

Treatment algorithm for patients admitted with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and hyperglycaemic hyperosmolar state (HHS) (ECG, electrocardiogram; FBC, full blood count; HCO3−, bicarbonate; K+, potassium; IM, intramuscular; IV, intravenous). Treatment algorithm for patients admitted with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and hyperglycaemic hyperosmolar state (HHS) (ECG, electrocardiogram; FBC, full blood count; HCO3−, bicarbonate; K+, potassium; IM, intramuscular; IV, intravenous). P English, and G Williams Postgrad Med J 2004;80:253-261 Copyright © The Fellowship of Postgraduate Medicine. All rights reserved.