Not all uropathogens can utilize d-serine as a sole source of carbon or nitrogen. Not all uropathogens can utilize d-serine as a sole source of carbon.

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Not all uropathogens can utilize d-serine as a sole source of carbon or nitrogen. Not all uropathogens can utilize d-serine as a sole source of carbon or nitrogen. Proteus mirabilis strain HI4320 (WT), Escherichia coli strain CFT073, Providencia stuartii strain BE2467, and Morganella morganii strain TA43 were cultured in LB broth overnight and diluted 1:100 into the standard formulation of PMSM (A), PMSM containing 10 mM d-serine as the sole carbon source (B), and PMSM containing 10 mM d-serine as the sole nitrogen source (C). Growth was assessed as described above. Error bars represent means ± standard deviations (SD) from 3 experiments with at least 6 replicates each. Growth of P. stuartii was significantly lower than each of the other species in panels B and C as determined by paired two-way ANOVA with Dunnett’s test for multiple comparisons (P < 0.05). Aimee L. Brauer et al. mSphere 2019; doi:10.1128/mSphere.00020-19