Microglia activation in distinct sites of the spinal cord from mice with bronchial asthma or atopic dermatitis on the back skin at the thoracic spinal.

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Microglia activation in distinct sites of the spinal cord from mice with bronchial asthma or atopic dermatitis on the back skin at the thoracic spinal cord levels (between both scapulae). Microglia activation in distinct sites of the spinal cord from mice with bronchial asthma or atopic dermatitis on the back skin at the thoracic spinal cord levels (between both scapulae). A, C, Immunohistochemistry of the cervical and lumbar spinal cord for microglia (green) stained with anti-Iba1 antibody followed by FluoroMyelin staining (red) in mice with asthma (A) or atopic dermatitis (C). Scale bars, 100 μm. B, D, Comparison of microglial density was made between the cervical and lumbar cord levels in asthma model mice (B) and atopic dermatitis model mice (D). E, Immunohistochemistry of the lumbar spinal cord for microglia (green) stained with anti-Iba1 antibody followed by FluoroMyelin staining (red) from PBS-treated, Alum-treated, and O+A-treated mice without induction of bronchial asthma. Scale bar, 100 μm. F, Quantification of microglial cell density in PBS-treated, Alum-treated, and O+A-treated mice without induction of bronchial asthma. There is a significant increase in microglia density in the O+A group compared with the PBS-treated and Alum-treated groups. G, H, Microglia density according to the location of the spinal cord in PBS-pretreated and O+A-pretreated asthma model mice (G) and atopic dermatitis model mice (H). The increase in microglia is more prominent in the posterior (p) region than in the anterior (a) region in mice with asthma (O+A group). The same trends, as seen in asthma model mice (G), are also observed in atopic dermatitis model mice (H), which do not reach statistical significance because of the small sample size. *p < 0.05 (Tukey's post test after one-way ANOVA). **p < 0.01 (Tukey's post test after one-way ANOVA). ***p < 0.001 (Tukey's post test after one-way ANOVA). Ryo Yamasaki et al. J. Neurosci. 2016;36:11929-11945 ©2016 by Society for Neuroscience