Stages of change for physical activity and dietary habits and associations with self-management scores (A) and HRQL scores (B). heiQ, Health Education Impact Questionnaire; HRQL, health-related quality of life; SF-36, short form 36. Stages of change for physical activity and dietary habits and associations with self-management scores (A) and HRQL scores (B). heiQ, Health Education Impact Questionnaire; HRQL, health-related quality of life; SF-36, short form 36. Heidi Holmen et al. BMJ Open Diab Res Care 2016;4:e000193 ©2016 by American Diabetes Association