*P < 0.01 and †P < The experiments were repeated 6 times.

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Advances in rhinitis and rhinosinusitis in 2015

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*P < 0.01 and †P < 0.001. The experiments were repeated 6 times. Fig. 1. GCE induces inflammation and degrades tight junctions in human bronchial epithelial cells (A549 cells). The 2′, 7′-DCF intensity is significantly increased following GCE exposure and suppressed following PAR2-ant and NAC treatment in A549 cells (1 hour) (A) and 2 hours (B). The expression of TSLP is significantly increased following GCE and PAR2-ago treatment and suppressed following PAR2-ant and NAC treatment in A549 cells after 2 hours (C). The expression of claudin-1 is significantly decreased by GCE and PAR2-ago treatment, but is significantly restored by PAR2-ant and NAC treatment in A549 cells (D). (A, B) Fluorescence intensity measurement at wavelengths of 450 nm and 520 nm; (C, D) real-time polymerase chain reaction (Taqman method). GCE, German cockroach extract; NAC, N-acetylcysteine; DCF, dichlorofluorescein; PAR2-ant, protease-activated receptor 2-antagonist; PAR2-ago, protease-activated receptor 2 agonist; TSLP, thymic stromal lymphopoietin. *P < 0.01 and †P < 0.001. The experiments were repeated 6 times. Fig. 1. GCE induces inflammation and degrades tight junctions in human bronchial epithelial cells (A549 cells). The 2′, 7′-DCF intensity is significantly increased following GCE exposure and suppressed following PAR2-ant and NAC treatment in A549 cells (1 hour) (A) and 2 hours (B). The expression of TSLP is significantly increased following GCE and PAR2-ago… Allergy Asthma Immunol Res. 2019 Jul;11(4):560-571. https://doi.org/10.4168/aair.2019.11.4.560