Sarah P. Shultz, PhD, Michael R. Sitler, EdD, Ryan T

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Effects of Pediatric Obesity on Joint Kinematics and Kinetics During 2 Walking Cadences Sarah P. Shultz, PhD, Michael R. Sitler, EdD, Ryan T. Tierney, PhD, Howard J. Hillstrom, PhD, Jinsup Song, DPM, PhD Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Volume 90, Issue 12, Pages 2146-2154 (December 2009) DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2009.07.024 Copyright © 2009 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine Terms and Conditions

Fig 1 Marker set-up and dynamic calibration. (A) The rigid body marker system was used to track motion during all walking trials. The retroreflective markers were attached to rigid plates that were located on the lateral sides of the pelvis, thigh, and lower leg. Motion at the foot-ankle complex was analyzed using free body markers attached to the calcaneus, lateral malleoli, and head of the second metatarsal. (B) Top view of movements for hip calibration. The calibration at the hip consisted of a 5-point movement (flexion, flexion at a 45° angle away from the body, abduction, extension at a 45° angle away from the body, extension) and circumduction. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 2009 90, 2146-2154DOI: (10.1016/j.apmr.2009.07.024) Copyright © 2009 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine Terms and Conditions

Fig 2 Comparison graph of joint kinematics. The sagittal, frontal, and transverse plane joint kinematics are compared throughout the entire gait cycle. The bold, solid line indicates the overweight group during SW. The solid line indicates the normal-weight group during SW. The dashed line indicates the overweight group during FW. The dotted line indicates the normal-weight group during FW. Abbreviation: EXT, external. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 2009 90, 2146-2154DOI: (10.1016/j.apmr.2009.07.024) Copyright © 2009 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine Terms and Conditions

Fig 3 Comparison graph of joint kinetics. The sagittal, frontal, and transverse plane joint kinetics are compared throughout the entire gait cycle. The bold, solid line indicates the overweight group during SW. The solid line indicates the normal-weight group during SW. The dashed line indicates the overweight group during FW. The dotted line indicates the normal-weight group during FW. Abbreviation: EXT, external. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 2009 90, 2146-2154DOI: (10.1016/j.apmr.2009.07.024) Copyright © 2009 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine Terms and Conditions