The Management of Diabetic Neuropathy in CKD

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Presentation transcript:

The Management of Diabetic Neuropathy in CKD Rodica Pop-Busui, MD, PhD, Laurel Roberts, BS, Subramaniam Pennathur, MD, Mathias Kretzler, MD, Frank C. Brosius, MD, Eva L. Feldman, MD, PhD American Journal of Kidney Diseases Volume 55, Issue 2, Pages 365-385 (February 2010) DOI: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2009.10.050 Copyright © 2010 National Kidney Foundation, Inc. Terms and Conditions

Figure 1 Proposed paradigm of the mechanisms inducing neurotoxicity in diabetic patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Abbreviations: AGE, advanced glycation end products; GSH, glutathione; GSSG, oxidized glutathione; NADP, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate; NADPH, reduced NADP; NF-κB, nuclear factor κB; PAI 1, plasminogen activator inhibitor 1; PARP, poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase; PKC, protein kinase C; PTH, parathyroid hormone; RNS, reactive nitrogen species; ROS, reactive oxygen species; SDH, sorbitol dehygrogenase; TCA, tricarboxylic acid; VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor. Adapted and reproduced from Edwards et al23 with permission of Elsevier. American Journal of Kidney Diseases 2010 55, 365-385DOI: (10.1053/j.ajkd.2009.10.050) Copyright © 2010 National Kidney Foundation, Inc. Terms and Conditions