Thomas Jefferson’s Presidency The Revolution of 1800 Thomas Jefferson’s Presidency EQ: What were the successes & failures of the Jefferson administration?
Election of 1800 & Marbury vs. Madison
Why was Jefferson’s election called the “Revolution of 1800?” Change of political parties for first time Peaceful transfer of power Out with the Federalists Democratic-Republicans take power New ideas, new ways of running the government
Jefferson cut national debt…how? Major cuts to army & navy, as well as government programs and departments
Louisiana Purchase
Louisiana Purchase; from whom? How much? From France for $15 million Nearly doubled size of US, expanded west Why was Jefferson somewhat embarrassed by the purchase? Strict constructionist, Constitution did not authorize fed gov to buy land
Lewis & Clark Expedition Jefferson sends men to explore the new territory, led by Meriweather Lewis & William Clark Group was called the “Corps of Discovery” Led by Sacajawea Two major goals: Find an all-water route from Missouri River to Pacific Ocean Collect scientific data about plants, animals
Lewis & Clark
Jefferson’s Foreign Policy Issues
Barbary War Pirates from the Barbary States of North Africa (Morocco, Algiers, Tunis, Tripoli) were stealing U.S. ships Before, Washington & Adams paid protection money to the states to stop the pirates When price increased, Jefferson sends US navy to blockade port of Tripoli
U.S. trading in overseas markets British & French = still fighting Britain banned American voyages b/w French West Indies & France So, US and France come up with a plan… Reexport Trade
Reexport Trade
Reexport Trade angered Britain War between France & Britain continues; Britain in desperate need of soldiers; what do they do…? Impressment America’s reaction…? Americans are very angry British Impressment
Chesapeake-Leopard Affair (1807) Off the coast of VA, the Leopard requested to search the Chesapeake for British navy deserters Chesapeake refused, Leopard fired The Chesapeake quickly surrendered, and the Leopard searched and detained four British Navy deserters (one British-born, who was hanged) This 1807 attack by the British on the American warship— the Chesapeake— greatly angered Americans
1807 Embargo & the End of the Jefferson Presidency
Though angry at Britain, Jefferson did not want to go to war Congress passes Embargo Act of 1807 No trade with Britain…why? Trying to hurt the British economy Embargo DID NOT work; it bankrupted many American merchants Embargo hurt Jefferson’s reputation; lifted in 1809 1807 Embargo
Problem: French/Anglo War Resumes, 1806 Jefferson wants: Trade Rights Neutrality Results: Impressment of US ships Rise of the War Hawks Reexport Trade Chesapeake/ Leopard Incident Embargo Act of 1807 Destruction of the U.S. economy Embargo is repealed; Jefferson’s reputation drops
Ticket out the Door 1 – The Louisiana Territory was purchased from: A – England B – Spain C – France D – Russia 2 – Given how he interprets the Constitution, what was ironic about Jefferson’s purchase of the Louisiana Territory? 3 – Lewis and Clark were led by ____________________ and their group was called the Corps of ____________________. 4 – What were the two main goals of the Lewis and Clark Expedition? 5 – The _______ Affair caused the _________ War with France, which in turn caused the _____________________ to be passed. 6 – What was the worst incident of British impressment against the US? 7 – What was the greatest success and greatest failure of Jefferson’s presidency?