** “The Progressive Era” – 1900-1920 = Reforming Society ** Concrete reforms

Pure Food and Drug Act (1906) Meat Inspection Act (1906) Federal Inspection of Meat-packing plants & standards of cleanliness Pure Food and Drug Act (1906) Prohibited sale of impure drugs Wadsworth.com (portrait and on horseback); Underwood and Underwood. Theodore Roosevelt Addressing a Crowd, 1901-09. Collection of The New-York Historical Society. PBS- American Photography

Regulating Food and Drugs Why the reform? - Selections from The Jungle by Upton Sinclair “They use everything about the hog except the squeal.” “These rats were nuisances, and the packers would put poisoned bread out for them; they would die, and then rats, bread, and meat would go into the hoppers together.” “[The] old sausage that had been rejected, and that was moldy and white – it would be dosed with borax and glycerine, and dumped, and made over again for home consumption.” Wadsworth.com (portrait and on horseback); Underwood and Underwood. Theodore Roosevelt Addressing a Crowd, 1901-09. Collection of The New-York Historical Society. PBS- American Photography

Theodore Roosevelt becomes president … “That Damned Cowboy” - Sept. 6, 1901, President William McKinley is shot - Sept. 13, While on a camping trip, Theodore Roosevelt has been told he’s now president.

Dinner between Booker T Dinner between Booker T. Washington and President Theodore Roosevelt October 16, 1901  Booker T. Washington “Importance of the Dinner” NAACP (1909) The anti-lynching movement Video

“It is not the critic who counts; not the man who points out how the strong man stumbles, or where the doer of deeds could have done them better. The credit belongs to the man who is actually in the arena, whose face is marred by dust and sweat and blood; who strives valiantly; who errs, who comes short again and again, because there is no effort without error and shortcoming; but who does actually strive to do the deeds; who knows great enthusiasms, the great devotions; who spends himself in a worthy cause; who at the best knows in the end the triumph of high achievement, and who at the worst, if he fails, at least fails while daring greatly, so that his place shall never be with those cold and timid souls who neither know victory nor defeat.”

Robert M. LaFollette, Wisconsin Governor 1900-06 1920 “State-level Populist Reforms” Direct primary Initiative Referendum Recall Direct democracy Robert M. LaFollette, Wisconsin Governor 1900-06

The “Bully Pulpit” Trust-buster Northern Securities holding company (1902) Wadsworth.com (portrait and on horseback); Underwood and Underwood. Theodore Roosevelt Addressing a Crowd, 1901-09. Collection of The New-York Historical Society. PBS- American Photography

George F. Baer “Coal mining is a business, not a religious, sentimental, or academic proposition. The rights and interests of the laboring man will be protected and cared for not by the labor agitators but by the Christian men to whom God, in his infinite wisdom, has given control of the property interests of the country.” --- George F. Baer

1902 Coal Strike & arbitration Wadsworth.com (portrait and on horseback); Underwood and Underwood. Theodore Roosevelt Addressing a Crowd, 1901-09. Collection of The New-York Historical Society. PBS- American Photography