How many do we know about it? CLIMATE CHANGE How many do we know about it? κλιματική αλλαγή klimato kaita zmiany klimatyczne klimatske promjene cambiamento climatico klimaatverandering Agnieszka Borek Gdynia, Poland

I am going to know why and how the climate is changing. Objective for student I am going to know why and how the climate is changing. Key question   What is the knowledge about the climate change for?

Climate is the average weather pattern over a longer period of time. Global climate change has already had observable effects on the environment.

Causes of climate change On Earth are natural causes of climate changes, but human activities are changing the natural greenhouse. Over the last century the burning of fossil fuels like coal and oil has increased the concentration of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2).

Gases that contribute to the greenhouse effect include: Most climate scientists agree the main cause of the current global warming trend is human expansion of the "greenhouse effect” Gases that contribute to the greenhouse effect include:

U.S. Greenhouse Gases by Sector

Causes of Global Warming video.nationalgeographic.com/video/101-videos/climate-101-causes-and-effects https://www.nationalgeographic.com/environment/global-warming/global-warming-causes/?user.testname=none

Pollution from coal, natural gas, and oil, exhaust

Temperature & CO2 Data Source: NASA Goddard Space Flight Center http://data.giss.nasa.gov/gistemp/graphs_v3/ Source: NASA Climate, Data from NOA http://climate.nasa.gov/key_indicators#co2

How global warming works? Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Fossil fuels (coal, oil, natural gas) © 2007National Wildlife Federation

The greenhouse effect

Temperature has increased about 0. 8°C Temperature has increased about 0.8°C. To the end of the century it will increse about 3-5 °C

Consequences of greenhouse-effect The effects that can be predicted include: more drought less ice and snow more extreme weather incidents the warmer climate will probably cause more heatwaves, more violent rainfall and also an increase in the number and/or severity of storms.

towns and villages that are dependent on meltwater from mountain areas may suffer drought and lack of domestic water supply. rising sea level Glaciers are shrinking rapidly at present. Ice appears to be melting faster than previously estimated. In areas that are dependent on meltwater from mountain areas, this can cause drought and lack of domestic water supply. extra water vapour in the atmosphere falls again as extra rain, which can cause flooding in other places in the world. when the weather gets warmer, evaporation from both land and sea increases. This can cause drought in areas of the world where the increased evaporation is not compensated for by more precipitation.

Temperature will continue to rise Because human-induced warming is superimposed on a naturally varying climate, the temperature rise has not been, and will not be, uniform or smooth across the country or over time.

More droughts and heat waves Droughts and heat waves are projected to become more intense.

More fire

Frost-free season (and growing season) will lengthen The length of the frost-free season (and the corresponding growing season) has been increasing nationally since the 1980s, with the largest increases occurring in the western United States, affecting ecosystems and agriculture. Across the United States, the growing season is projected to continue to lengthen.

Hurricanes will become stronger and more intense The intensity, frequency and duration of North Atlantic hurricanes, as well as the frequency of the strongest (Category 4 and 5) hurricanes, have all increased since the early 1980s. Hurricane-associated storm intensity and rainfall rates are projected to increase as the climate continues to warm.

Sea level will rise 1-4 feet by 2100 Global sea level has risen by about 8 inches since reliable record keeping began in 1880. It is projected to rise another 1 to 4 feet by 2100. This is the result of added water from melting land ice and the expansion of seawater as it warms.

Floods

Absorbing of heat by earth

Arctic likely to become ice-free The Arctic Ocean is expected to become essentially ice free in summer before mid-century.

Glaciers are melting So are ice caps on both North and South poll. Pictured example: Portage Glacier, Alaska 1914 2004

Examples Less ice and snow. Glaciers are shrinking rapidly at present. Ice appears to be melting faster than previously estimated. Alaska’s glacier withdrowed by over 12km and it’s thickness has been reduced by over 800m during 63 years.

It was glacier here one hunder years ago. Now we have meadow instead.

Europe Glaciers are disappearing in Europe too Europe Glaciers are disappearing in Europe too. The pictures show results of deglaciation in Swiss Alps.

The graph shows how much will remain of Swiss glacier cover with the temperature increase.

Living in the Arctic In the Arctic climate is intense and weather can be brutal. No matter the season, everyday life for the 4 million people living in the region is inextricably linked to the environment. As a rapidly warming climate brings on new challenges, these problems impact both people and the nature. Shrinking sea ice forces polar bears to spend more time on land, and people and bears can come into conflict. New ambitions to drill for oil and gas bring never-before-seen risk to regions that are home to some of the most pristine habitats (or landscapes) and unique wildlife on the planet.

What should we do to save the World? We must urgently reduce carbon pollution and prepare for the consequences of global warming. advance policies to fight climate change engage with businesses to reduce carbon emissions help people and nature adapt to a changing climate more effective use of energy renewable energy capture carbon dioxide

Test kahoot Go the website on your mobile phone or laptop www.kahoot.it and write the PIN number

Summary Sentences to complete: In the lesson I’ve learnt …………..   In the lesson I’ve learnt ………….. I have liked …………..

Thank you 

Sources 1. www.ziemanarozdrozu.pl 2. https://www.worldwildlife.org/places/the-galapagos 3. globalwarmingart 4.www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=7&ved=2ahUKEwjQzDZ65TeAhUB1iwKHTMTBWEQFjAGegQIABAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fec.europa.eu%2Fclima%2Fsites%2Fcampaign%2Fppt%2Fclimatechange.ppt&usg=AOvVaw2b8PedoohWtUfq7vKNqr9x 5. https://www.nationalgeographic.com/environment/global-warming/global-warming-causes/?user.testname=none