Notes 6: Transferring Thermal Energy

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Presentation transcript:

Notes 6: Transferring Thermal Energy Chapter 6 Section 2 page 164

Review Recall last week that we learned: Heat - thermal energy that flows from a warmer material to a cooler material. Not all things heat up or cool down at the same rate. Specific heat is the measurement of how easily something heats up or cools down.

Conduction Conduction - transfer of thermal energy in solids by collisions of particles in matter at a higher temperature and particles in matter at a lower temperature. Remember that temperature is a measure of how much kinetic (moving) energy the atoms in a material have.

Conduction https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i4GBl7h_QEw Yes you have to watch me talk about conduction.

Convection Convection - transfer of thermal energy in liquids or gases by the movement of warmer and cooler fluid from one place to another. As particles move faster in a liquid or a gas, they tend to get further apart and expand. As it expands, the density decreases causing the warm portion of the liquid or gas to rise.

Convection A lava lamps works by using convection. A light will warm up the ‘lava’ at the bottom of the lamp. As the lava warms up, it will expand and rise. When it gets to the top, it will cool down, contract, and then sink to start the process over again. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DL3Ez9bxMTo

Radiation Radiation - transfer of thermal energy by electromagnetic (light) waves. The Earth is heated by the Sun, but there is no matter between the Sun and the Earth, therefore it isn;t heated by conduction or convection. The Sun send its thermal energy by radiation.

Radiation Everything radiates energy (even humans)! However, only the objects that are hot enough will produce visible light. Humans radiate thermal energy in light that is not visible because we are relatively cool, but the sun radiates thermal energy in light that we can see because it is hot.

Conductors and Insulators Conductor - material, such as copper, that transfer thermal energy easily. A conductor will get warm or cold fast. Insulator - material, such a styrofoam, that does not transfer thermal energy easily. A insulator will get warm or cold slowly.

Summary Conduction is the transfer of thermal energy in solids by collisions between atoms. Convection is the transfer of thermal energy in liquids or gases by rising or sinking due to temperature. Radiation is the transfer of energy by light (visible and not visible) waves. Conductors will warm up or cool down quickly. Insulators will warm up or cool down slowly.