The Great Tradition of North American Music Education Lander university Dr. Chuck Neufeld

Five centuries of North American Music education 17th Century 18th Century 19th Century 20th Century 21st Century

17th Century 1898 - First music book printed in the American colonies Ninth edition of the Bay Psalm Book. Eight previous editions published in England.

Five centuries of North American Music education 17th Century 18th Century 19th Century 20th Century 21st Century

18th Century 1717 - First singing school created, Boston, MA, to improve singing and music reading in the church. 1762 - First known singing meetings held in home of Elijah Dunbar, Harvard graduate, Stoughton, MA. 1770 - William Billings was first American to publish a tune book, Boston, 1770, The New England Psalm-Singer.

18th Century 1786 - Stoughton Musical Society, composed of 25 men, was founded and continues as the oldest choral society in America. 1790 - First choral contest in America, Dorchester, Massachusetts.

Five centuries of North American Music education 17th Century 18th Century 19th Century 20th Century 21st Century

19th Century 1832 - Lowell Mason and George Webb formed the Boston Academy of Music to teach singing and theory, as well as methods of teaching music. 1834 - Lowell Mason published, Manuel of Instruction, based upon the music education work of the Pestalozzian System of Education founded by Swiss educator Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi. Mason’s handbook was gradually adopted by many singing school teachers.

19th Century c. 1800-1900 - Music instruction part of the private tutorial curriculum (within the home, reserved for the upper class) or taught through the church, sometimes in "singing schools." 1837-1838 - The Boston School Committee allowed Lowell Mason to teach music in the Hawes School as a demonstration, the first time music education was introduced to public schools in the United States. 1838 - The Boston School Committee approved the inclusion of music in the curriculum. Lowell Mason became the first recognized supervisor of elementary music in America.

Five centuries of North American Music education 17th Century 18th Century 19th Century 20th Century 21st Century

20th Century 1934 - Founding of the Music Supervisor's National Conference, which later became Music Educators National Conference (MENC), then National Association for Music Education (NAFME). 1950 - The Child's Bill of Rights in Music, a student-centered philosophy, formally espoused by MENC. 1953 - Founding of the American School Band Directors Association. 1957 - Launch of Sputnik increased curricular focus on science, math, technology, decreased emphasis on music education.

20th Century 1959 - Contemporary Music Project, large-scale program to make contemporary music “relevant” to children. Placed quality composers and performers in the learning environment, led to the Comprehensive Musicianship movement. 1961 - Formation of the American Choral Directors Association. 1963 - Yale Seminar, a federally supported program of arts education, focused on quality literature in the music classroom. 1965 - Creation of National Endowment for the Arts with federal financial support, recognition of the value of the arts in society.

20th Century 1967 - Tanglewood Symposium, conference focused on the establishment of a unified and eclectic philosophy of music education with specific emphasis on youth music, special education music, urban music, and electronic music. 1978 - The Ann Arbor Symposium, conference emphasized the impact of learning theory in music education in the areas of auditory perception, motor learning, child development, cognitive skills, memory processing, affect, and motivation.

20th Century 1990 - Multicultural Symposium in Music Education, increased awareness of diversity in the American School population, co- sponsored by MENC, the Society for Ethnomusicology, and the Smithsonian Institution, provided models, materials, and methods for teaching music of the world's cultures to school children and youth .

20th Century 1994 - National Standards for Music Education introduced by MENC. Politics and influence of the “Assessment & Standards Movement” in the 1980’s sparked educational reform and accountability in all curricular subjects. MENC standards were adopted by some states, while other states produced their own standards or eschewed the standards movement.

Five centuries of North American Music education 17th Century 18th Century 19th Century 20th Century 21st Century

21st Century 2012-2013 - National Standards for Music Education reworked by NAFME (formerly MENC) in conjunction with National Coalition for Core Arts Standards. Coalition was politically motivated to garner more funding for the arts in education. 2014 - National Standards for Music Education released by NAFME, adopted by some states over time, including South Carolina. Standards attempt to unify visual, movement, musical, and other creative arts.

The Great Tradition of North American Music Education Lander university Dr. Chuck Neufeld