What were the Driving Forces of Industrialization and How did if Affect American Society? U.S. History & Government 11th Grade Boys & Girls Al-Madinah School August 27, 2019

Driving forces of 2nd Industrialization What factors are necessary for industrialization? A wealth of natural resources, Inventions and entrepreneurship government support for business, and a growing urban population that provided both cheap labor and markets for new products.

Driving forces of 2nd Industrialization Natural Resources: Abraham Gesner distilled kerosene from oil in the 1840s Edwin Drake used steam engine to drill oil in 1859 Oil boom followed in many states Coal and iron were also in abundance

Driving forces of 2nd Industrialization Bessemer Process helped mass production of Steel from Iron, developed independently by Henry Bessemer and William Kelly. It was later replaced by open-heart process.

Uses of Steel Railroad tracks Barbed wire Steel plow New Construction projects Brooklyn Bridge Skyscrapers from Steel (William Le Baron Jenny)

New Inventions promote change This inexpensive, convenient source of energy soon became available in homes and spurred the invention of time-saving appliances. Electricity (light bulbs, electric fans, printing presses, etc.( Electric streetcars made urban travel cheap and efficient and also promoted the outward spread of cities. By 1890, electric power ran numerous machines, from fans to printing presses. Electric power helped shift factories away from rivers.

Changes in Lifestyles due to new inventions Typewriter by Christopher Sholes Telephone by Alexander Graham Bell These two inventions created jobs for women – clerical jobs Workers gained some powers

Answer the following questions now What led to the nation’s oil boom? What was the Bessemer Process and how did it boom the steel production? What some new uses of steel in the United States? How did the harnessing of electricity transform American business? How did new inventions and products affect people at home and work?

Homework Questions 1 & 2 on page 439

What Role Did Railroads Play in Economic Growth, and Legal Development of the Nation? 11th grade boys/girls | Br. Siraj United States History and Government / Tuesday, August 27, 2019

Role of railroads The Country was united after Transcontinental railroad was completed By 1890 there were more than 180,000 miles of railroads Standardization of time The World should be divided into24 time zones. U.S. had four. Congress approved the railroad time in 1918

Opportunities and Problems Related to Railroads Growth of New Towns and market Places Railroads helped the nationwide marketing opportunities Cities expanded New cities were built. Ex. George Pullman Scandal Credit Mobilier

Legal and Social Battle of the Railroads Grange Movement and Railroads Farmers were unhappy with railroads Misuse of land grants Fixing prices to keep farmers in Debt Charging different customers different prices Granger Laws were passed to control the railroads Munn Vs. Illinois: Supreme Court Upheld the Granger laws of Illinois Interstate Commerce Act of 1887 Set Federal Control over railroads

Homework Questions 1 and 2 on page 446