Kingdom Plantae

Plant Characteristics AUTOTROPHIC MULTICELLULAR EUKARYOTIC MOST TERRESTRIAL CELL WALLS OF CELLULOSE Dominant group on land based on weight DIVERSE!! Range from 2mm to 100m tall!!

Are there exceptions?

Diversity?

Seedless: hornworts

Nonvascular plants hornwort

Vascular plants Seedless plants

Seed plants Vascular plants Gymnosperms Angiosperms

Plant Structure

Adaptations What obstacles did plants have to over come to live on land? DRYING OUT - CUTICLE & STOMATA MEANS OF REPRODUCTION MEANS OF GETTING WATER AND NUTRIENTS

DIVISION BRYOPHYTA PRIMITIVE: AMONG THE 1st LAND PLANTS NONVASCULAR NO TRUE ROOT SYSTEM: HABITAT? NO VASCULAR TISSUE: SIZE? SIZE LIMITED BECAUSE SPERM MUST SWIM TO FERTILIZE EGGS

Moss Structure Plants are about 3cm tall and 1 cell thick Clump of moss is a bunch of tiny individual plants Each plant contains rhizoids for anchoring them in soil.

Importance IMPORTANT SOIL BUILDERS PREVENT EROSION PEAT MOSS (SPHAGNUM) GROWS IN BOGS OR PONDS & USED FOR FUEL, MULCH, ETC.

Plant Structure Chloroplast

What role do plants play in the Water cycle?

What role do plants play in the Carbon Cycle?

Mineral Nutrients Phosphorus Calcium Magnesium Sulfur Nitrogen Carbon Proteins, N.A., chlorophyll, ATP and growth Carbon Growth, photosynthesis Potassium Active transport, enzyme activation, osmotic balance and stomata opening Phosphorus ATP, ADP, N.A., phospholipids of cell membrane Magnesium Part of chlorophyll, needed for photosynthesis and activation of enzymes Calcium Cell wall, enzymes, cell membrane activity Sulfur Proteins, cellular respiration

What role do plants play in the Nitrogen Cycle?

Nitrogen Cycle Nitrification Denitrification Ammonification Bacteria in soil take up ammonia and oxidize it into nitrites and nitrates and plants use it to create amino acids Denitrification Process of how nitrogen is returned to the atmosphere when bacteria break down nitrates and release nitrogen gas Ammonification Decomposers break down waste organisms and release the N they contain as ammonia

Discuss Ways that plants move. Tropisms Discuss Ways that plants move. Phototropism Plant responses to light Gravitropism Plant responses to gravity Photoperiodism the physiological reaction of organisms to the length of day or night Thigmotropism Plant responses to touch

Tropisms

MALE & FEMALE ON SEPARATE PLANTS MALE REPRODUCTIVE ORGAN= ANTHERIDIUM PRODUCES SPERM FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE ORGAN = ARCHEGONIA PRODUCES EGG

ALTERNATION OF GENERATIONS

Photosynthesis