What does the prefix Bio mean? WarmUP 1/21 page 156 What does the prefix Bio mean?

Organisms and the Environment Page 157

develop a strategy to separate the different aspects of this environment into 2 different categories Pg.158

Pg.158 Living and Non-Living

Is living or was once living Pg.158 Biotic Abiotic Is living or was once living Has never lived -

Pg. 159 BIOTIC ABIOTIC

· Whale  · Clock  · Water  · Fish  · Paper  · Glass  · Aluminum  · Wooden Ruler  · Sand · Clouds  · Corpse  · Snail  · Steak  · Pork Chops  · Salad  · Bread  · Plant  · Hair Finger Nails  · Pipe  · Cotton Fabric  · Wool  · Gold  · Plastic  · Grapes  · Air  · Paper

Warm-Up IN YOUR NOTEBOOK! Write the question & your answer What is the difference between something that is living and something that is non-living?

Characteristics of Living Things

Characteristics of Living Organisms Pg. 160 Characteristics of Living Organisms

All things considered to be alive have what characteristics in common? Make a list of reasons why you think the following organisms are considered “alive”.

Characteristics of Living Things Made of Cells unicellular vs.. multicellular Red Blood cells Onion skin epidermal cells Human cheek cells

Characteristics of Living Things 2. Grows and develops Increase in cell size and/or number Includes: development, aging, death Differentiation – cell specialization for a certain job

Characteristics of Living Things 3. Obtains & uses Energy Metabolism (sum of all chemical reactions) Heterotroph (other feeding) vs. autotroph (self-feeding)

Characteristics of Living Things 4. Reproduces two kinds of reproduction: - asexual – takes one to make more - sexual – takes two

Characteristics of Living Things 5. Responds to the Environment a. Movement – internal or external b. Irritability - ability to respond to a stimulus Examples of stimuli : sight, sound, touch, pressure, temperature, chemicals, color, light, other? c. Adaptability

Characteristics of Living Things 6. Ability to adapt (Evolution) Evolution - gradual change in a population of organisms over time Individuals DO NOT evolve

Biotic vs. Abiotic Page 161

Ecosystem: made up of biotic and abiotic factors interacting with each other.

Biotic Factors the living things in the ecosystem. Examples: Plants, animals, fungi, protists and bacteria

not alive, nonliving factors that affect living organisms.   Examples: temperature, soil, light, aspect, atmospheric gases present, sunlight, wind, wind patterns, precipitation, habitat, season, cloud cover, altitude and location of the ecosystem. Abiotic Factors

Biotic and abiotic factors are interrelated.

but Abiotic factors don’t need biotic factors Biotic factors cannot exist without the abiotic factors.

Biotic Factors From the tiniest bacteria to the largest mammal, all need abiotic factors in order to survive. They need air to breath and light to photosynthesize, for example.

Abiotic Factors The seasons, cloud cover, altitude and aspect and location of the ecosystem will determine how much sunlight plants receive and therefore will govern photosynthesis.

The Impact of Changing Factors If a single factor is changed, perhaps by pollution or natural phenomenon, the whole system could be altered. For example, humans can alter environments through farming or irrigating. While we usually cannot see what we are doing to various ecosystems, the impact is being felt all over. For example, acid rain in certain regions has resulted in the decline of fish population.