DATA COMMUNICATION Lecture-12.

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Presentation transcript:

DATA COMMUNICATION Lecture-12

Recap of Lecture 11 Signals Analog and Digital Analog and Digital Data & Signals Periodic & Aperiodic Signals Sine Waves and its Characteristics

Overview of Lecture 12 Sine Waves and its Characteristics Control of Signals Time and Frequency Domain Composite Signals

Period and Frequency

Example 4.3 A Sine wave has a frequency of 6 Hz. What is its period? Solution

Example 4.5 A Sine wave completes one cycle in 4 seconds. What is its frequency? Solution:

Another Way to Look at Frequency Measurement of the rate of change How fast the wave moves from its lowest to its highest point Changes in Short Time: High Frequency

Two Frequency Extremes No change at all  Zero frequency Instantaneous changes  Infinite frequency

Phase Phase describes the position of the waveform relative to time zero Phase describes the amount of backward or forward shift of the waveform Measured in Degrees or Radians

Phase

Example 4.7 A sine wave is offset of a cycle with respect to time zero. What is its phase? One Cycle = 360 Degrees of a cycle = = 60 Degrees

Control of Signals Signal can be controlled by three attributes: Amplitude Frequency Phase

Control of Signals- Amplitude

Control of Signals- Frequency

Control of Signals- Phase

Time and Frequency Domain

Time and Frequency Domain Example

Composite Signals

Summary Sine Waves and its Characteristics Control of Signals Time and Frequency Domain Composite Signals

Suggested Reading Section 4.4, 4.5 “Data Communications and Networking” 2nd Edition by Behrouz A. Forouzan