Schematic illustration of the role of Ttyh1 for TM functions and brain tumor progression. a, In the presence of functional Ttyh1, the subtype of glioma.

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Schematic illustration of the role of Ttyh1 for TM functions and brain tumor progression. a, In the presence of functional Ttyh1, the subtype of glioma cells extending 1–2 TMs is highly invasive (blue), while another one with multiple TMs interconnecting tu... Schematic illustration of the role of Ttyh1 for TM functions and brain tumor progression. a, In the presence of functional Ttyh1, the subtype of glioma cells extending 1–2 TMs is highly invasive (blue), while another one with multiple TMs interconnecting tumor cells to one multicellular network (red) is more stationary. TMs show a normal phenotype, and the tumor is highly proliferative. b, In the absence of Tthy1, tumors become invasion-deficient and growth-deficient, resulting in greatly reduced brain colonization. The proportion of invasive glioma cells (unipolar/bipolar cells) is dramatically reduced, and the remaining cells of this cell type show pathological TMs (blue cells, box). Multiconnected cells (red cells) are unaltered. Arrows indicate the invasion speed of TMs and tumor cells. Erik Jung et al. J. Neurosci. 2017;37:6837-6850 ©2017 by Society for Neuroscience