FSA CRUNCH TIME

Examples Home- denotes the physical place where you live, connotation to the intangible idea of family and belonging Rock- denotation means a stone, but connotation can be used to refer to a person as solid and stable. Crown-literally an adornment for a member of the royal family, but used to refer to the entire idea of royalty and power. Rose-literally a type of flower. Used as a symbol for love and beauty. Snake- actual animal. Used to describe someone who cannot be trusted, someone who cheats, and someone who will do you harm if they can. Dog- denotation- animal “He’s such a dog.” – In this sense, the word dog connotes shamelessness, or ugliness.

What is Text Structure? How information in a passage is organized We will study six common patterns: Chronological Cause and Effect Compare and Contrast Problem and Solution Sequence / Process Spatial / Descriptive

Chronological Information is organized in order of time. Chrono = time Logic = order Example Jill came tumbling after. Jack and Jill ran up the hill to fetch a pail of water. Jack fell down and broke his crown. ALL stories are told chronologically.

They performed poorly on the test. Cause and Effect An action and its results are explained. Cause Effect Students did not learn the material. They performed poorly on the test. Don’t confuse with chronological. Won’t have a beginning, middle, and end. Time won’t progress much.

Compare and Contrast Tells how two things are similar and different. Apples & Oranges Alike Different 1. Both are fruits. 1. People don’t eat orange skins. 2. Both have skin. 2. Oranges have more juice.

Property is being spray painted. Require a license to buy spray paint. Problem and Solution A problem and answer are suggested. Problem Solution Property is being spray painted. Require a license to buy spray paint. Don’t confuse with cause and effect. It is presented as a PROBLEM.

Sequence / Process Writing Information is listed step-by-step. Explains how to do it or how it happens. 4. Flip omelet. Don’t confuse with chronological! 3. Cook on one side. 2. Add cheese. Does not occur at a specific time. 1. Crack a few eggs.

Spatial / Descriptive Writing Racial is to race as spatial is to space. Describes something in order of space. Describes how something looks. TIME DOESN’T PASS in these passages. My bedroom A television across from the bed. Two windows on the west Wall A bed in the middle. A closet by the TV

Pacing Helps to establish how quickly or slowly a story unfolds

Parallel Plots Story structure in which the writer includes two or more separate narratives linked by a common character, event, or theme.

Juxtaposition the fact of two things being seen or placed close together with contrasting effect

a way of indicating or hinting at what will come later Foreshadowing a way of indicating or hinting at what will come later

What It Is FLASHBACK Turning back the clock Scenes that took place in the past Scenes literally “flash back” Brings story or play to a standstill Interrupts story’s chronological order

Flashforward A flashforward is an scene that takes the narrative forward in time from the current point of the story.

TONE Tone is the AUTHOR’S attitude towards the audience, the subject, or the character. *Tone is shown through Dialogue - talking Descriptions – author’s diction [word choice]

MOOD *Mood is the feeling the reader gets from a story. *Mood is shown through Setting Atmosphere

The tone could be serious but the mood could be ridiculous. TONE IS NOT MOOD Tone The tone could be serious but the mood could be ridiculous. Mood

TONE According to the author’s descriptions, what is the tone? FOR EXAMPLE: He approached the task with sheer determination. He had studied his plans carefully, spent hours preparing and was sure of his approach. The hours he spent practicing were grueling and exhausting but he was ready. This was the year he would win the pie eating contest at school. According to the author’s descriptions, what is the tone? Serious, Intense, Formal, Focused

MOOD According to the setting, what is the mood? FOR EXAMPLE: He approached the task with sheer determination. He had studied his plans carefully, spent hours preparing and was sure of his approach. The hours he spent practicing were grueling and exhausting but he was ready. This was the year he would win the pie eating contest at school. According to the setting, what is the mood? Playful, informal, silly, exciting