Bruce Pier, M. D. , Avedis Kazanjian, Ph. D. , Laurie Gillette, M. Sc

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Effect of cigarette smoking on human oviductal ciliation and ciliogenesis Bruce Pier, M.D., Avedis Kazanjian, Ph.D., Laurie Gillette, M.Sc., Karen Strenge, M.D., Richard O. Burney, M.D., M.Sc. Fertility and Sterility Volume 99, Issue 1, Pages 199-205 (January 2013) DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2012.08.041 Copyright © 2013 Terms and Conditions

Figure 1 Laparoscopic Pomeroy tubal sterilization method. (A) Schematic representation of procedure. (B) Representative intraoperative image taken at time of laparoscopic surgery. Fertility and Sterility 2013 99, 199-205DOI: (10.1016/j.fertnstert.2012.08.041) Copyright © 2013 Terms and Conditions

Figure 2 Expression of ciliated cell markers. Representative immunostains of α-tubulin and LHs28 in human ampullary oviductal segments. Immunoexpression of α-tubulin, a cilia-specific marker, is depicted at (A) ×20 and ×60 (inset). Immunoblot revealed no significant differences in α-tubulin in tubal lysates between groups (B). Immunoexpression of ciliary basal bodies as detected by monoclonal antibody LhS28 is depicted at (C) ×20 and ×60 (inset). The protein expression of LhS28 in tubal lysates did not significantly differ between smokers and nonsmokers (D). Scale bars = 50 μm. Fertility and Sterility 2013 99, 199-205DOI: (10.1016/j.fertnstert.2012.08.041) Copyright © 2013 Terms and Conditions

Figure 3 Expression of transcription factors involved in the ciliogenesis program in human oviduct. Relative quantitative PCR for RFX2, RFX3, and FOXJ1, with no significant differences in expression between groups. RFX4 was not detected in fallopian tube lysates (A). Representative immunostains of RFX2 (B) and RFX3 (C) at ×20 and ×60 (inset). Scale bars = 50 μm. Of note, nuclear localization of RFX protein (brown) is seen in ciliated cells delineated by α-tubulin staining (red). Quantitative immunohistochemistry revealed no statistically significant differences in RFX protein expression between smokers and nonsmokers (D). Fertility and Sterility 2013 99, 199-205DOI: (10.1016/j.fertnstert.2012.08.041) Copyright © 2013 Terms and Conditions