Introduction to Philosophy Doing Philosophy: Cognitive Biases

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Presentation transcript:

Introduction to Philosophy Doing Philosophy: Cognitive Biases Reviewing last session:

Introduction to Philosophy Doing Philosophy: Cognitive Biases tendencies to think in certain ways that can lead to systematic deviations from a standard of rationality

Introduction to Philosophy Doing Philosophy: Cognitive Biases

Introduction to Philosophy Doing Philosophy: Cognitive Biases Peak-End effect https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RhyJGwNpEcw&index=31&list=PLtKNX4SfKpzX_bhh4LOEWEGy3pkLmFDmk

Introduction to Philosophy Doing Philosophy: Cognitive Biases Peak-End effect people seem to perceive not the sum of an experience but the average of how it was at its peak (e.g., pleasant or unpleasant) and how it ended How is this not rational?

Introduction to Philosophy Doing Philosophy: Cognitive Biases Anchoring https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NFiDdbquWJY&index=27&list=PLtKNX4SfKpzX_bhh4LOEWEGy3pkLmFDmk

Introduction to Philosophy Doing Philosophy: Cognitive Biases Anchoring tendency to rely too heavily on the first piece of information offered (the "anchor") when making decisions

Introduction to Philosophy Doing Philosophy: Cognitive Biases Anchoring

Introduction to Philosophy Doing Philosophy: Cognitive Biases Belief bias evaluation of the logical strength of an argument is biased by the believability of the conclusion

Introduction to Philosophy Doing Philosophy: Cognitive Biases Clustering illusion seeing phantom patterns

Introduction to Philosophy Doing Philosophy: Cognitive Biases Clustering illusion

Introduction to Philosophy Doing Philosophy: Cognitive Biases Confirmation bias The tendency to search for, interpret, focus on and remember information in a way that confirms one's preconceptions. biased search for information biased interpretation biased memory

Introduction to Philosophy Doing Philosophy: Cognitive Biases Hyperbolic discounting

Introduction to Philosophy Doing Philosophy: Cognitive Biases Survivorship bias Concentrating on the people or things that "survived" some process and inadvertently overlooking those that didn't because of their lack of visibility.

Introduction to Philosophy Doing Philosophy: Cognitive Biases https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sO9xwAyeWX0&list=PLtKNX4SfKpzVgBHC2buGxvQNaspGxdMQY&index=7