Rise of Macedonia
Alexander the Great Son of Phillip II Taught by Aristotle Tamed the horse Bucephalus (“My boy, you must find a kingdom big enough for your ambitions. Macedonia is too small for you.”) Became King at 20 Started by putting down revolts, then invaded Persia
Crossing the Hellespont Alexander claims Persia visits Troy Memnon Leader of Persian Greek mercenaries Suggests scorched earth Satraps ignore him Spear throw
Battle of Granicus
Numbers 32,000 Infantry 5,000 Cavalry 10-20,000 cavalry Alex Persians 32,000 Infantry 5,000 Cavalry 10-20,000 cavalry 5-20,000 Greek Mercanaries.
The Battle Alexander feigns attack with his right Draws troops from Persian center Alex’s elite cavalry broke the now weakened center
Casualties Over 300 dead 1-3,500 injured 3000 infantry dead Greeks Persians Over 300 dead 1-3,500 injured 3000 infantry dead 1000 cavalry dead 2000 Greeks enslaved
Battle of Granicus https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=92_6IJ4I9p0&index=3&list=PLOjUdznmpOjjg-z4rFgHKpRLMzlBaFHag
In-between Alexander begins attacking port towns Only way to stop Persian navy Emperor Darius III leads an army against Alex Meet at Issus
Numbers 13,000 Peltasts 22,000 Infantry 6,000 Cavalry Alex Persians 13,000 Peltasts 22,000 Infantry 6,000 Cavalry 30,000-80,000 infantry 11,000 Cavalry 10,000 Greeks 10,000 Imortals
Battle of Issus Persian cavalry on their right Immortals and Greeks center and left Alexander in traditional formation
Battle of Issus Persians charge with cavalry Alex’s center advances under intense arrow fire Alex attacks the left flank with his cavalry
Battle of Issus Alex’s left gets pushed back The center meets stiff resistance Right cavalry save the day, crushing the Persian left Then attack the rear Persians retreat
Casualties 450 dead Many wounded 20,000 Alex Persians 450 dead Many wounded 20,000 Darius III mother, wife, and daughter caught
Battle of Issus https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5W6Zs2IOu70&index=4&list=PLOjUdznmpOjjg-z4rFgHKpRLMzlBaFHag
The Levant Alex continues conquering ports This leads him to Phoenician city of Tyre Refused to surrender
Siege of Tyre https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-WkWy47ighY&list=PLOjUdznmpOjjg-z4rFgHKpRLMzlBaFHag&index=5
On to Egypt Alex moves south to Egypt The city of Gaza is given the Tyre treatment Afterwards, welcomed to Egypt Named a living god Moves on to confront Darius
Battle of Gaugamela
Numbers Alex Persians
Battle of Gaugamela
Casualties
Battle of Gaugamela https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vY3z3yh7a24&list=PLOjUdznmpOjjg-z4rFgHKpRLMzlBaFHag&index=6
Battle of the Persian Gate https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QS-4TsurrFY&list=PLOjUdznmpOjjg-z4rFgHKpRLMzlBaFHag&index=7
Battle of Hydaspes https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sV_dHUJmOF8 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jrmgas_MDzc&index=8&list=PLOjUdznmpOjjg-z4rFgHKpRLMzlBaFHag
Alexander Returns https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5fFqlAdDi70&index=9&list=PLOjUdznmpOjjg-z4rFgHKpRLMzlBaFHag