Roman Achievements P. 366-371 Science • Produced a calendar • Studied plants and animals to produce better meat and crops • Galen, doctor, surgeon-made many discoveries about the human body • Galen described the parts of the human heart • Many doctors based their ideas on Galen’s studies

Engineering Great builders Roman roads and bridges have lasted thousands of years Developed cement Clever designs such as many layers for roads Arches to support heavier weights Arches used for bridges, aqueducts, and vaults

Architecture Based on Greek designs Used columns and marble Roman vault allowed them to build huge structures Colosseum Built structures topped with domes

Art Mosaics Paintings Frescoe-type of painting on wet plaster Portraits Sculptures Borrowed ideas from Greece

Literature Admired good writers Virgil wrote Aeneid Ovid wrote poems about Roman mythology Wrote satires Wrote history & speeches Wrote dramas Many of their writings have served as models and are still used today

Language In the Roman empire the 2 official languages were Greek and Latin Latin influenced many languages such as Italian, French, Spanish, and English The motto of the US is in Latin Latin used for scientific terms

Law Roman law enforced across Europe After Roman empire fell apart, Roman laws still continued to exist Roman law inspired a system called Civil Law- a legal system based on a written code of laws Many European countries use civil law traditions Influenced the America’s law codes

Roman Roads Roads have lasted for over 2,000 years The roads stretched to every part of the vast empire, therefore people today still say “All roads lead to Rome” Romans built about 50, 000 miles of roads The roads were built by and for the military They were constructed of layers of sand, concrete, and stone

Entertainment Comic plays Chariot races Gladiator fights Public baths (like a spa) Toured beautiful city

Trade Imports: metals, cloth, food, spices, and animals, silk Exports: jewelry, glass, clothing Used currency (money) to pay for trade-mostly gold and silver coins; this allowed the romans to trade with everyone since nearly everyone accepted Roman coins.