Measuring Personal Growth Attributed to Multicultural Education Constructs Personal Growth Positive psychological changes during time period of interest Multicultural education EDLF 5000 (Covert and Lobb) Personal growth measure PTGI (Tedeschi & Calhoun, 1996) Self-reports of 21 positive psychological changes (items) in retrospect Likert responses 0 (none) – 5 (very great) Total score range Subscales Appreciation of Life (AOL) New Possibilities (NP) Relation to others (RTO) Personal Strength (PS) Spiritual Change (SC)

Measuring Personal Growth Attributed to Multicultural Education PTGI (Tedeschi & Calhoun, 1996) Application of PTGI Response scale None Very great Example items ___2. Appreciation of value of my own life (AOL) ___3. Developed new interests. (NP) ___8. Sense of closeness with others (RTO) Exercise: Personal growth during last semester Total = ___ + ___ + ___ = ____ x 7 = ______ Sub Comparison groups Range of 13 trauma studies = 40 – 80 units UVa semester = (SD 15.77, N 347) (SD 16.61, N 117) (SD 16.32, N 154)

Contributions to Personal Growth (N =154) Multicultural Education class (19.86) percent All other academic experiences (14.93) Subtotal academic experiences (23.63) percent Subtotal non-academic experiences (23.63) Total growth= percent

Student percentage attributions of yearly growth in retrospect to academic and non-academic experiences by year (N = 108 students) Academic Non-academic Total _______ _______ _______ Year m % SD % m % SD % m % SD % Freshman Sophomore Junior Senior Total