Drill 9/26 Who was Gutenberg? What was the importance of his invention?

Gutenberg invented the printing press. Though the Chinese had invented moveable type the Europeans did not know this The printing press allowed for quick and cheap reproductions of books and other materials New Ideas spread faster

The Reformation – A perfect storm There were many factors that would allow for the Protestant Reformation to occur

Martin Luther Luther. Was a monk in Saxony (German state) To raise money to rebuild a church another monk was selling Indulgences Luther thought this was wrong and he criticized him

Martin Luther As Luther would go on his criticism grew and eventually he ended up taking on the Church The 95 Theses Summed up in three themes: People could win salvation only through faith in God All Church teachings should be clearly based in the bible All people of faith are equal. Therefore, Priests should not be needed to interpret the bible for them.

The Church response “NO.” In 1520 Pope Leo X excommunicated Luther Holy Roman Emperor Charles V declared him a rebel and a heretic Birth name: Giovanni di Lorenzo de Medici

The Holy Roman Empire The HRE A collection of small counties, Duchies, city-states, Kingdoms Modern-day Germany Parts of Italy and Poland

HRE The Early Popes laid claim to the land Charlemagne is considered one of the first HREs The Emperor is crowned by the Pope, is always Catholic and had little real power

The independent cities conflict Some of the “kingdoms” sided with Charles Some with Luther This came to all out war and rebellion Protesting princes were given the name “Protestants” 1555, the Peace of Augsburg, treaty among the Catholic and Protestant sides

How did Luther’s ideas travel so fast? Gutenberg’s printing press Translated the bible into German Made pamphleteering and propagandizing cheap More people are literate after its invention