Air pollution reduction program in the Ulaanbaatar city’s Ger area International training course on Urban Policies & Planning Strategies for Achieving Prosperity in Cities (from July 13th to July 17th, 2015 in Gangwon Province, Republic of Korea) Air pollution reduction program in the Ulaanbaatar city’s Ger area The Ulaanbaatar city Mayor’s Office, Mongolia BATSUKH Nemekhjargal nbatsukh@ubservice.mn ENKHTAIVAN Erdenebileg

Mongolia-Ulaanbaatar Country name Mongolia Ulaanbaatar Area 1,564,116 sq km 4,704.4 sq km Population: 3,05,312(July 2015) 1,387,356 (End of 2014) Location: Northern Asia, Between China and Russia (Landlocked) Tuv aimag, Central Mongolia

CPI index of Ulaanbaatar city Sudbimensions of the CPI Summer Winter

Background and purpose 450’000 cars-Ulaanbataar city. /60% old cars/ 60% of Ulaanbaatar residents live in Ger area. It creates huge air pollution. CPI Air quality Public space Economic equity

Goal: Reduction of air pollution in the Ger area Objective and Goal Background: Ulaanbaatar city population is 1.375 million & 60% of residents are living in the Ger /traditional Mongolian dwelling/ area. The Ger area residents face a heating problem during the winter & spring time. They used to use a coal, wood etc. for fire making and heating. It considered that the Ger area’s smoke /from chimney/ is the main source of the Ulaanbaatar city air pollution. Goal: Reduction of air pollution in the Ger area

SWOT Opportunities -Raw material price rise in Long run Strenghts -Urbanization continues but no imminent mass urban migration -Property right well-established -Primary and secondary mortgage market working -Equitable and wide land ownership, even for ger residents -Ger area provides acceptable housing alternative Opportunities -Raw material price rise in Long run -Fast rising income and fiscal revenue -Strong national unity and pride, and stable democratic government Weakness -Old infrastructure/UB:current system planned in 1942 for 400000 people/ -Harsh winter restricts house construction -Small population size Real estate appraisal, credit assesment, brokerage,financial guarantee service not fully developed in Ger area -The government initiates program for purpose of election. -Construction working period is short due to cold /april-november/ Threats -Raw material market, accordingly, macro economy and financial market volatile -Real estate price rise with economic growth; sometimes Real estate bubble may occur potential for populism SWOT

Improvement strategy Follow up & implement the UB city master plan Raise fund by issuing first municipal bond to finance affordable housing program Decentralization, creation and development of sub/periphery cities Improve & strength Ulaanbaatar city housing fund to cover all of Ger area residents

Specific actions Activation of redevelopment plan implementation in the Ger area Develop and implement sectional /site level/ independent small scale heating system & infrastructure /including sanitation/ Change old inefficient stoves Use treated coal and progressive resources/improved technology Mortgage guarantee fund Reform of taxes on property Public rental housing for ger area residents/Planning, designing, implementation/ Affordable house for ger area residents/Planning, designing, implementation/

Key stakeholders Ministry of Construction and Urban development, Ministry of Economic development, Ministry of Nature, Tourism & Green development, Bank of Mongolia Governor’s office & Mayor’s office of Ulaanbaatar city Master planning department, Agency of Property relation Agency of Land Affairs, Geodesy and Cartography Design institute, Mongolian city association Agency of Ger area Redevelopment, Mongolian city association City specialized inspection agency Private sector, developers, Banking institutions

Financial sources Expected Result State budget Ulaanbaatar city budget Private sector investment and involvement is priority International cooperation & Donor organizations Expected Result Ulaanbaatar city Ger area’s air quality reached at standard level by the end of 2020.

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