Unit #1 – The Columbian Exchange and Colonization

Please copy the following definitions in your Social Studies Notebook: Indigenous: Originally dwelling or existing in an area. The Columbian Exchange: The widespread transfer of plants, animals, foods, people, and disease from the Old World of Europe to the New Worlds of the Americas.

Please copy the following definitions in your Social Studies Notebook: 3) Transatlantic Slave Trade: The capture, sale, and forced labor of millions of Africans to the Americas from the mid-1500s to the 1800s. 4) Middle Passage: The trip, by ship, that brought millions of Africans to the Americas as slaves. 5) Triangular Trade Routes: Three-way pattern of trade that involved England, English colonies, in the Americas, and West Africa.

Please copy the following definitions in your Social Studies Notebook: 6) The 13 Colonies: The original English colonies that were settled along the east coast of the Atlantic Ocean of North America. 7) Quebec: The main French trading post in Canada that was settled on the basis of the fur trade.

Please copy the following definitions in your Social Studies Notebook: 8) Jamestown: The 1st permanent English settlement in the New World of the Americas. 9) Cash Crop: Any major crop that is grown for profit and sale. 10) House of Burgesses: The 1st example of representative government in the 13 Colonies – this took place in Virginia.

Please copy the following definitions in your Social Studies Notebook: 11) Puritans: The original settlers of the New England colonies who founded the Massachusetts Bay Colony on the basis of religious freedom, but who did not practice religious tolerance. 12) Salem Witch Trials: A series of hearings and prosecutions of people accused of witchcraft in colonial Massachusetts. These trials resulted in the executions of twenty people, most of them women. 12) King Phillip’s War: The most devastating war between the colonists and the Native Americans in New England.

Please copy the following definitions in your Social Studies Notebook: 14) Religious Diversity: The peaceful coexistence of several different religions in one location – this worked well in the Middle Colonies, and especially among the Quakers in the Pennsylvania colony. 15) Social Mobility: The ability to move, through hard work and determination, from one social class to another.