Socio- economic factors in study and career choices

Finances and affordability Studying at a university or a college can be expensive…there are a few way to get financial assistance: Bursary An amount of money a student is given to help pay for their studies You do not have to pay back a bursary Student loan Money lent from the bank Has to be paid back with interest once you start working

Scholarship Learnership Some organizations give certain learners a scholarship if they have performed well at school or at sport These do not have to be paid back Learnership A learnership allows you to earn while you learn You learn the work at university and apply that knowledge at a real job while you learn You get a qualification at the end

Stereotyping Stereotyping is believing, unfairly, that all people or things with a particular characteristic are the same Can be positive: “all Kenyan men are good marathon runners” Or negative: “all blondes are stupid” This also applies to careers and can limit your options: “nursing is a womans job”

Stereotyping Woman Men Women are supposed to have "clean jobs" such as secretaries, teachers, and librarians Women are nurses, not doctors Women are not as strong as men Women are supposed to make less money than men The best women are stay at home moms Women don’t need to go to college Women don’t play sports Women are not politicians Women are quieter than men and not meant to speak out All men enjoy working on cars Men are not nurses, they are doctors Men do "dirty jobs" such as construction and mechanics; they are not secretaries, teachers, or cosmetologists Men do not do housework and they are not responsible for taking care of children Men play video games Men play sports Men enjoy outdoor activities such as camping, fishing, and hiking Men are in charge; they are always at the top As husbands, men tell their wives what to do Men are lazy and/or messy Men are good at math It is always men who work in science, engineering, and other technical fields Men do not cook, sew, or do crafts

Stereotipering Woman Women are supposed to be submissive and do as they are told Women are supposed to cook and do housework Women are responsible for raising children Women do not have technical skills and are not good at "hands on" projects such as car repairs Women are meant to be the damsel in distress; never the hero Women are supposed to look pretty and be looked at Women love to sing and dance Women do not play video games Women are flirts Women are never in charge

Accessibility- do you have access to further training? You need to ask yourself: Is there somewhere close where you can study? Can you afford traveling costs, accommodation, study fees? Do you have access to books and materials needed for this course? Can you study for this course through UNISA?

Impact of income tax Income tax is a tax that all individuals and companies must pay on what they have earned The government uses the money for ‘running’ the country (roads, schools, hospitals…) The tax is collected by SARS (South African Revenue Services)

Everyone who is employed must register to pay tax There are different ways to pay for tax: SITE Standard Income Tax on Employees Earn less than R120 000 a year PAYE Pay As You Earn If you get more than 10 000 a month a % I taken for tax Provisional tax You pay tax twice a year depending on what you have made