Relationship between renal furosemide excretion rate or urinary diuretic concentration (log value) and excretion of sodium in normal subjects (left curve)

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Identification of the Causes for Chronic Hypokalemia: Importance of Urinary Sodium and Chloride Excretion Kun-Lin Wu, MD, Chih-Jen Cheng, MD, PhD, Chih-Chen.

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From: Long-Term Outcome of Anti–Glomerular Basement Membrane Antibody Disease Treated with Plasma Exchange and Immunosuppression Ann Intern Med. 2001;134(11):

Longitudinal magnetisation.

ECG of a patient with acute inferior myocardial infarction.

(A) A 35 year old man with Wegener's granulomatosis.

Chest radiograph (A) showing confluent infiltrations of the left and right lower lobe. Chest radiograph (A) showing confluent infiltrations of the left.

Figure Photomicrograph of the lung biopsy showing a focus of interstitial pneumonitis composed of lymphocytes and macrophages with occasional eosinophils.

Gradient echo. Gradient echo. An excitatory radiofrequency (RF) pulse causes transverse magnetisation and initiation of a free induction decay signal.

Chest radiograph of a 60 year old man, with rheumatoid arthritis and progressive dyspnoea, showing signs of fibrosing alveolitis with basal volume loss.

A: original duodenal biopsy illustrating subtotal villous atrophy; B: following a gluten-free diet, small bowel morphology improved to near normal appearance;

A 35 year old patient with PSS and dyspnoea.

(A) Colonic mucosa with inflammation and necrosis (× 40) and (B) at higher magnification (× 100). (A) Colonic mucosa with inflammation and necrosis (×

A 37 year old markedly dyspnoeic man with rheumatoid arthritis.

Effect of 50 g lactose on breath hydrogen in the three principal genetic groups. Effect of 50 g lactose on breath hydrogen in the three principal genetic.

Glial stained section through the midbrain of a patient with PSP showing midbrain atrophy with dilation of the cerebral aqueduct and gliosis of the substantia.

Transthoracic echocardiogram parasternal long axis image.

Contrast enhanced computed tomography (axial cut) (A) showing involvement of the left nasal cavity and maxillary sinus (arrow) by mucorales and (B) showing.

Blastic, angiocentric, Epstein-Barr virus positive B-cell infiltration from colon: haematoxylin and eosin stain (A), CD 20 immunostaining (B) and in situ.

Meningioma. Meningioma. (A) T1 weighted image demonstrates a well-circumscribed intradural extramedullary mass that is isointense to the spinal cord. (B)

Pharmacological prophylaxis in patients with recurrent gout, clinical tophi, or radiological erosiosns. * Contraindications to uricosuric drugs include:

Suggested algorithm for evaluating a raised ALP (ALP, alkaline phosphatase; ERCP, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography; GGT, gammaglutamyl transferase;

MRI showing a venous infarct in the parasagittal area on the right and enhancement around the thrombus in the superior sagittal sinus (T1-weighted image.

(A) A patient with anterior acute myocardial infarction with grade II ischaemia. (A) A patient with anterior acute myocardial infarction with grade II.

Pre-treatment chest computed tomogram of same patient as in fig 1 showing coalescing aortopulmonary (AP) and paratracheal (PT) nodes with matting (M) and.

A 54 year old man with two hours of chest pain.

This beautifully drawn picture of the vertebral column by Sir Charles Bell shows the pathology of spinal cord injury. This beautifully drawn picture.

Examples of typical clinical MRI. (A).

Simplified diagram showing the major pain pathways from the viscera to the central nervous system. Simplified diagram showing the major pain pathways.

Diabetes prevalence probability curves.

Spin echo. Spin echo. Following a 90° excitatory radiofrequency (RF) pulse with consequent transverse magnetisation, protons begin to de-phase (A–C) and.

The early phase of the mesenteric angiogram (A) shows dense contrast filling the splenic artery (SA) and a normal sized spleen. The early phase of the.

Computed tomogram without contrast showing large right CSDH extending from the frontal lobe to the parietal lobe with blood in the lateral ventricles.

Longitudinal (left, with electronic cursors) and transverse (right, with arrows) ultrasound images of the palpable breast mass showing a solid 2.5 cm long,

Schematic representation of dyslipidaemia of metabolic syndrome.

Chest radiograph of a 51 year old man who underwent autologous BMT for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, showing bilateral interstitial infiltrates. Chest radiograph.

Sigmoid volvulus. Sigmoid volvulus. (A) Plain film showing a large distended loop of sigmoid colon arising from the pelvis extending up to the right upper.

18-FDOPA uptake scan showing loss of uptake in the putamen in PD and both caudate and putamen in PSP. Courtesy of Dr P Piccini and Prof D Brooks, MRC Cyclotron.

Chapter 57 - Renal Ammonium Ion Production and Excretion

Treatment algorithm for patients admitted with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and hyperglycaemic hyperosmolar state (HHS) (ECG, electrocardiogram; FBC, full.

Serial biopsy samples taken from the patient in figs 1and 2, showing from left to right: acute myocarditis, healing myocarditis, dilated cardiomyopathy.

Pharmacological management of patients with newly discovered atrial fibrillation. Pharmacological management of patients with newly discovered atrial fibrillation.

Pharmacological management of patients with recurrent paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. Pharmacological management of patients with recurrent paroxysmal.

Inversion recovery. Inversion recovery. (A) Inversion of the sum longitudinal magnetisation vector following an 180° radiofrequency (RF) pulse. A further.

Pharmacological management of patients with recurrent persistent or permanent atrial fibrillation. Pharmacological management of patients with recurrent.

A patient with inferior acute myocardial infarction with grade II ischaemia. A patient with inferior acute myocardial infarction with grade II ischaemia.

Histopathology showing “nesiodioblastosis” from a case of fibrocalculous pancreatic diabetes, showing islet tissue arising from ductal remnants (aminoethylcarbazole.

Image shown depicts the generation of a gradient in B0 in the Z direction. Image shown depicts the generation of a gradient in B0 in the Z direction. For.

Bowel gas displacement II

Colitis. Colitis. (A) Plain radiograph showing dilated loop of transverse colon (white arrow), consistent with toxic megacolon, and featureless oedematous.

High resolution chest computed tomograms of the chest in case 2 with subacute hypersensitivity pneumonitis: (A) ground glass opacifications and centriacinar.

Plain radiograph of foot from a patient with chronic tophaceous gout showing asymmetrical soft tissue swellings consistent with tophi, and punched out.

Schematic of the interaction between the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) system and the natriuretic peptides and how the RAAS modulators and.

Astrocytoma. Astrocytoma. (A) T1 weighted. (B) T1 weighted image with gadolinium demonstrates an ill defined heterogeneously enhancing mass (white arrows)

Patient groups: necrobacillosis and Lemierre’s.

T2-weighted magnetic resonance image showing extensive area of increased signal in the right, and to a lesser extent, left temporal lobe in a case of HSE.

Demonstration of false positive and false negative using a dichotomous cut point. Demonstration of false positive and false negative using a dichotomous.

(A) Flushed appearance of face with reddish discoloration of lips; (B) positive Hess’s test with surrounding petechiae; (C) characteristic petechial rash.

Distribution of blood glucose levels by screening test in patients with diabetes and patients without diabetes; to convert mg/100 ml to mmol/l multiply.

Venn diagram highlighting the reason(s) for an invalid liver stiffness evaluation (LSE) in the biopsied patients only. 56/153 patients had an invalid LSE.

The grades of ischaemia.

Dumbbell-shaped schwannoma.

Life satisfaction scores according to psychiatric disorder.

Service satisfaction scores according to psychiatric disorder.

Right selective coronary angiogram in the right anterior oblique projection (ROA 43°) showing aneurysmal dilatation of the right coronary artery at the.

Figure Three-lead ECG (II, V3, V5) recorded during the recovery phase of a standard exercise test, revealing a sinus bradycardia followed by prolonged.

Small bowel obstruction due to obstructed obturator hernia.

Artifacts that can resemble a fracture: Mach effect (a dark line that represents the dorsal lip of the radius) (black arrow), a white line that represents.

Skin punch biopsy from an upper back lesion showing extensive dermal neutrophilic infiltrate consistent with diagnosis of Sweet's syndrome. Skin punch.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention guidelines for evaluating the risk of HIV transmission after occupational exposure (PEP, post-exposure prophylaxis).

The use of 12 lead electrocardiography and cardiac troponins in the diagnostic evaluation of suspected acute coronary syndrome. *It is unusual to find.

Presentation transcript:

Relationship between renal furosemide excretion rate or urinary diuretic concentration (log value) and excretion of sodium in normal subjects (left curve) and in patients with CHF (right curve). Relationship between renal furosemide excretion rate or urinary diuretic concentration (log value) and excretion of sodium in normal subjects (left curve) and in patients with CHF (right curve). L K M De Bruyne Postgrad Med J 2003;79:268-271 Copyright © The Fellowship of Postgraduate Medicine. All rights reserved.