Functional tremor. (A) The tremor affects both hands but there is variation in amplitude and frequency between the right and left spirals. Functional tremor. (A)

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
 Kaplan-Meier survival curves by frequency of exacerbations in patients with COPD: group A, patients with no acute exacerbations of COPD; group B, patients.
Advertisements

Essential tremor. Essential tremor. (A) The Archimedes spiral drawing shows a unidirectional tremor axis in the 8–2 o’clock direction, suggesting essential.
Various lower limb ankle orthoses used in the management of distal lower limb muscle weakness in patients with inherited neuropathies. Various lower limb.
OCT left eye (case 3). OCT showed bilateral foveal atrophy (white arrows), with an island of preserved retina in the left fovea (yellow arrow; only left.
Decorative Archimedes spirals.
OCT left eye shown (case 7).
Worldwide distribution of clinical cases of hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection. Worldwide distribution of clinical cases of hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection.
Masashi Maeda et al. Heart Asia 2013;5:7-14
 These traces show typical electrophysiological features of a pre-synaptic neuromuscular transmission disorder in a patient with LEMS. The traces on the.
The MR scan of brain of our case vignette patient showing significant occipital lobe atrophy (especially left sided) with parietal lobe involvement as.
Typical imaging findings.
Frequency of patients in flare at each time point over 3 months
‘Poppers’ retinopathy.
Case one: (A and B) Right and left colour fundus photographs of the optic nerve head showing small crowded discs with anomalous branching of the blood.
Photograph of the legs of a patient with inherited erythromelalgia, showing erythema to the level of the mid-calf. Photograph of the legs of a patient.
(A) Moderately well differentiated adenocarcinoma in subarachnoid space (H&E). (A) Moderately well differentiated adenocarcinoma in subarachnoid space.
Schematic representation of hepatitis E virus (HEV) genotype 3 in developed countries. Schematic representation of hepatitis E virus (HEV) genotype 3 in.
Decorative Archimedes spirals.
Case 2—Urgent CSF divergence surgery restored visual function.
Parkinson’s disease. (A) The spiral of the patient with Parkinson’s disease (right) is smaller than the clinician’s, with tighter turns. Parkinson’s disease. (A)
Confocal images of skin biopsies taken from the legs of a control subject (A) and a patient with small fibre neuropathy secondary to HIV (B) showing PGP.
Single colour fundus photographs of pseudopapilloedema in patients initially thought to have IIH. (A) Elevated, lumpy disc with anomalous vascular pattern.
Photograph of the legs of a patient with inherited erythromelalgia, showing erythema to the level of the mid-calf. Photograph of the legs of a patient.
(A) The Goldmann visual field of the patient described in the case vignette clearly shows paracentral visual loss in the right hemifield of both eyes.
Confocal images of skin biopsies taken from the legs of a control subject (A) and a patient with small fibre neuropathy secondary to HIV (B) showing PGP.
Injection sites for greater occipital nerve (GON) block.
(A) Showing 10 untreated Parkinson patients; all positive for α-synuclein and 3-nitro-tyrosin (a marker for mitochondrial stress) on sigmoidoscopy and.
Page 1 of a fact sheet available at www. neurosymptoms. org
Medieval scripts. Medieval scripts. The handwriting of a 13th-century scribe known as ‘The Tremulous Hand of Worcester’ shows features consistent with.
Eye movement record showing horizontal and vertical traces of the right (R) and left (L) eyes with the Ober-2 system. Eye movement record showing horizontal.
Time course of changes in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and left ventricular diastolic dimension (LVDd) in 13 patients with the development.
Humphrey perimetry (SITA-Standard 24–2): (A) 1 month postquinine overdose, showing marked constriction of the visual field; (B) 6 months postquinine overdose,
Suggested algorithm for genetic testing in Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease (CMT) and related disorders in the age of disease-specific gene panels. *Motor nerve.
An artistic rendering of how patients with simultanagnosia perceive a visual scene. An artistic rendering of how patients with simultanagnosia perceive.
Vitamin B12 (cobalamin) is a cofactor in conversion of methylmalonyl coenzyme A (CoA) to succinyl CoA and of homocysteine to methionine. Vitamin B12 (cobalamin)
Autofluorescence left eye (case 3)
(A) Axial CT scan of head at presentation, showing a right occipital hypodense lesion. (A) Axial CT scan of head at presentation, showing a right occipital.
Star cancellation task from the behavioural inattention test
After 4 s of raw magnetoencephalography data (two channels contain obvious artefacts), the door to the magnetically shielded room is opened during recording.
Left: technetium-99m-HMPAO SPECT scan showing multifocal subcortical uptake in a patient with dementia due to undiagnosed HIV infection. Left: technetium-99m-HMPAO.
Headache frequency after medication withdrawal in medication-overuse headache. Headache frequency after medication withdrawal in medication-overuse headache.
(A) Frontalis test: unilateral injection of the frontalis muscle with botulinum toxin (BoNT). (A) Frontalis test: unilateral injection of the frontalis.
Suggested algorithm of addressing non-motor symptoms in clinic (modified from Chaudhuri et al).48 HCP, healthcare professional; QoL, quality of life; PDSS,
Sagittal T2-weighted MR scan of spine of case 1 (A) and case 2 (C), showing intramedullary signal hyperintensity at T11/12 in case 2 (C). Sagittal T2-weighted.
Real-time quaking-induced conversion reactions seeded with cerebrospinal fluid from a patient with sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (sCJD) (red) and.
(A) Pupillary responses by age (from Meisami et al)
(A) MR scan of brain from an 82-year-old woman who presented with recurrent episodes of sudden onset needles affecting the face, gum and hand, with facial.
Intersections: results of conditional logistic regression analyses of associations between infrastructural characteristics and bicycling injury in a case–crossover.
Sample MR images obtained acutely from patients 1 to 6: axial T2 weighted (DWI in case 4) on the left, coronal FLAIR on the right of each panel. Sample.
Essential tremor. Essential tremor. (A) The Archimedes spiral drawing shows a unidirectional tremor axis in the 8–2 o’clock direction, suggesting essential.
General Medical Council’s (GMC) National Training Survey results for average clinic attendance per week at 33 sites across the UK in General Medical.
Clinical overall score (COS), (A); cold detection thresholds (CDT), (B); warm detection thresholds (WDT), (C); and vibration thresholds (VT), (D) in patients.
Dystonic tremor. Dystonic tremor. (A) Oscillations occur in all sections of the spirals, denoting a multidirectional axis. The amplitude and frequency.
 Kaplan-Meier survival curves by frequency of exacerbations in patients with COPD: group A, patients with no acute exacerbations of COPD; group B, patients.
Examples of the visual rating scale for the medial and lateral temporal lobe on MR coronal images displayed conventionally with the letter on the right.
(A) High intensity lesions in the left dorsolateral midbrain on T2 weighted magnetic resonance imaging in case 1. (A) High intensity lesions in the left.
Dystonic tremor with writer’s cramp.
Non-intersections: results of conditional logistic regression analyses of associations between infrastructural characteristics and bicycling injury in.
Typical mean functional strength (where maximum function scores 5, and minimum scores zero; arithmetic mean of several activities plotted) against serum.
(A) Kinematic features of fast and accurate right wrist flexions performed by the patient before (left part) and after alcohol intake (right part). (A)
Kaplan-Meier table analysis of patients with corticobasal degeneration after onset of symptoms; the y axis refers to proportion of patients who are alive.
Conceptual diagram of dopaminergic system and disease and drug effects
Tremor under amitritptyline.
Axial T1-weighted MRI of the thigh (A) and lower leg (B) for case 1 shows fatty infiltration of the quadriceps and adductor muscles (L2, 3 and 4 myotomes;
MR scan of brain fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) (A) and short tau inversion recovery (STIR) (B, C) showing asymmetrical hyperintensities affecting.
MR scans of brain and spine: (A) sagittal T2 image showing signal change in the posterior spinal cord between C3 and T6. MR scans of brain and spine: (A)
MR scan of brain (coronal sections of fluid attenuation inversion recovery (FLAIR) sequences) in a patient with corticobasal syndrome, showing generalised.
Medieval scripts. Medieval scripts. The handwriting of a 13th-century scribe known as ‘The Tremulous Hand of Worcester’ shows features consistent with.
(A) Clinical selection of scapular muscles depending on the side of the elevation of the shoulder in a patient with dystonic head rotation. (A) Clinical.
The average percentage of employees absent at any point in a calendar month, in the entire mine. The average percentage of employees absent at any point.
Presentation transcript:

Functional tremor. (A) The tremor affects both hands but there is variation in amplitude and frequency between the right and left spirals. Functional tremor. (A) The tremor affects both hands but there is variation in amplitude and frequency between the right and left spirals. (B) There is a marked discrepancy when the patient copies the spiral in alternate directions. (C) This patient presented with a right (dominant) hand tremor that was consistently unidirectional (8–2 o’clock direction). Other features were variable and inconsistent, suggesting a functional disorder. The site of tremor intrusion changed within a single spiral and between consecutive spirals; the amplitude changed from small to large within a single spiral but there was a consistent amplitude during straight line drawing; while the spirals were drawn quickly, there was freezing of drawing for straight lines. Note the increased density of oscillations, especially on the vertical line drawing. Jane Alty et al. Pract Neurol 2017;17:456-463 ©2017 by BMJ Publishing Group Ltd