policing Chapter 5

In the beginning…. Frankpledge- members of a group were responsible for keeping order and bringing violators to court. They were fined if they did a bad job. Statute of Winchester- just like the frankpledge system except they were supervised by a constable Watchmen- patrolled the town at night and would light street lamps and put out fires. “2 o’clock and all’s well. Why did they need someone to keep order? Obvious answer, Let’s come up with three reasons.

First cop Robert Peel got the Metropolitan Police Act passed. This created the London Police force. Organized like a military unit. Called “bobbies” after Peel. The Police Mandate Prevent crime without using repressive force. Control riots without military Maintain Public Order by nonviolent means Reduce conflict between police and public Show efficiency through absence of crime and disorder rather than visible police action. Are these things important? Why? Is there a relation between our police now and the police force then?

Policing in the us Eras Work with a partner or table and create a lesson talking about your era. This needs to be presented to the class so they can learn about your assigned era. It can be a powerpoint, video, Worksheet, etc. You can do anything to teach the lesson.

Goals of policing Similar to the functions of the police. 1. prevent and control conduct considered threatening to life and property 2. aid people who are in danger of harm. Do they risk their lives to help? 3. protect constitutional rights- How does this look? 4. keep people and vehicles moving. How do they do this? 5. help those who can’t help themselves. Homeless, addicts, mentally ill 6. resolve conflicts. Just their presence can do this? 7. Identify problems. Gas leaks, traffic issues 8. create a feeling of security in the community. Why is this important?

Order maintenance Preventing behavior that threatens or disturbs the peace. Noisy people, loud music, panhandlers, bar fights Police use discretion to determine to make arrests What could happen to someone if they are arrested and not convicted? Could they lose their job? People think differently of them? How can this affect order maintenance

Law enforcement Factors that make this difficult Time it takes to get to call Victims of burglary often are not home. Delay in reporting Victims of assault cant identify the offender Community won’t help. Why won’t they help? Any other things you can think of that can make enforcing the law difficult. People don’t like the police because they give people attitudes and a hard time. Students give teachers attitude and a hard time…… I’m not my sibling. Don’t judge me by their actions.

service How can this help crime prevention. Give examples

Types of police Watchman style- stress order maintenance. Ignores small things. Only arrest major crimes Legalistic style- marked by professionalism. By the book. Follow the law. No informal interactions with offenders. Service Style- Helps community. Deals with small issues informally. The chick- fil-a officer. Which one is better?

discretion 1. nature of the crime. Small crimes can be ignored if chosen. 2. relationship of the victims and offenders. Family typically won’t press charges 3. relationship between officer and others. attitude, etc. 4. race/ethnicity/age/gender/class- tend to arrest young male minorities than others 5. Departmental policy- policies of chief promote discretion Should there be more regulations on discretion? Question of ethics? Go to d2l answer the ethics question under discussions.

Domestic violence Violence by partner accounted for 26% of violence experienced by women. Before 1970, ruled as a private matter. Rule of thumb Afraid of reprisal for victim Victims some times attacked police Refuse to cooperate with prosecutors Why is this?

Special populations Police deal with a diverse population What does this mean? What problems can this cause? Mentally ill Drug addicts Juvenile runaways Deaf Do not speak English

Special Populations People might not understand instructions by police Stereotyping people. We all do it. Corrupt police in their old country Lack of trust Different customs and beliefs Language barriers Sometimes police presence can escalate a situation

Community crime prevention Requires the entire community Police can rid a neighborhood of crime. But without community support it will be hard to keep it Rewards for turning in people News and radio having unsolved crime of the week segments What are some ways you can help in Community Crime Prevention Write a list of 10 rules for your community to help prevent crime.

Law enforcement agencies 12501 local police departments 3,063 sheriff’s departments 50 state police departments 135 native American tribal police agencies 24 federal agencies

fbi Investigate all federal crimes that are not under the jurisdiction of another agency. No drugs because that falls under DEA jurisdiction Created in 1908 J. Edgar Hoover was director from 1924-1972 Established the national fingerprint filing system. 13,913 FBI special agents 22,231 support professionals

Fbi priorities Protect the US form terrorist attacks- Name a terrorist attack that occurred in the US besides 9/11 Protect the US against foreign spying- Why would people spy? How? Protect the US against cyber-based attacks- What can people gain from doing this? Fight public corruption- What is so bad about corruption? Protect civil rights-Is this really an issue any more? This isn’t the 1960s Fight criminal organizations, mobs, mafia, etc.- Entrepreneurs? Fight white collar crime- Is anyone really hurt? Corporations don’t have feelings. Fight violent crime- Support all partners- How do they do this?

Specialized law enforcement DEA- drug enforcement agency- investigate illegal importation and sale of controlled drugs. IRS- internal revenue service- pursues violators of tax laws ATF- alcohol tobacco firearms, and explosives US Marshals- provide security at courthouses, transport prisoners, protect witnesses, pursue fugitives.

Interpol International criminal police organization Functions Created in 1946 Based in France Functions Secure global police communications Data services and databases for police Support to police services Police training and development

Interpol cont. Priority crime areas Drugs and criminal organization Public safety and terrorism Financial and high tech crime Trafficking in human beings Fugitive apprehension Corruption Some have issues with sharing information about terrorism. Local issues