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Pyoderma *** PYODERMA Definition: Bacterial infection of skin, superficial or deep; Primary or secondary Pyoderma occurs when: Skin surface broken Chronic exposure to moisture Circulation impaired Immunosuppressed May be superficial or deep Circulation impaired: systemic issue, secondary infection in this case.

Pyoderma Organisms associated with pyoderma Superficial pyoderma- Staph intermedius, Pasteurella multocida Deep pyodermas- E. coli, proteus sp, pseudomonas sp, Staph intermedius (S. Aureus) Causes severe tissue damage Superficial include the superficial epidermis. Resolves without scaring. Usually short duration. Deep usually are chronic and do not respond well to treatment. Usually seen in immunosuppressed animals or allergies. A lot of cases involve Stapylococcus intermedius as well.

Pyoderma *** Physical Exam may show: papules pustules crusts epidermal collarettes hyperpigmented spots alopecia scaling lichenification abscess, cellulitis, etc.. Papules: red bump (bug bite like) Pustules: blister containing pus epidermal collarettes: circular lesion with crust Lichenification: thickened and lethary Cellulitis: bad skin infection, red and swollen, blisters

PYODERMA ERYTHEMA, PUSTULES ERYTHEMA: superficial redness of skin PUSTULES: blister on skin containing pus ERYTHEMA, PUSTULES

Pyoderma Circular lesions EPIDERMAL COLLARETTES

Deep Pyoderma

Deep Pyodermas More difficult to treat than superficial pyodermas due to chronic nature Patients are often resistant to treatment or immunosuppressed

Deep Pyodermas Diagnosis Treatment: Thorough cleaning clinical signs may include fever, and deep draining wounds Treatment: Thorough cleaning Systemic Antibioics (clavamox, baytril, cephalexin) Client Info Causative organism often drug resistant Treatment may be prolonged and expensive in large breed dogs Some animals will never fully recovery MRSA cases https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VTyJuLGgKRc – 5 minutes Necrotizing fasciitis: A serious bacterial infection that destroys tissue under the skin – flesh eating disease https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sk8DEeuF-n8 – Treating MRSA 2 minutes 23 seconds

Hot Spot

Superficial Pyoderma: “Hot Spot”

Superfical Pyoderma *** Acute Moist Dermatitis, Superficial pyotraumatic dermatitis (“Hot Spots”) Clinical Signs: red, moist, painful areas Common in thick coated dogs Usually in hot moist summer months Hair loss, very pruritic Develops very fast Occurs secondary to skin trauma. Usually self inflicted. See it in water loving breeds. Could be caused by patient chewing due to ectoparasites.

Superficial Pyoderma *** Diagnosis: clinical signs Treatment: Clip hair around lesion Cleanse skin with medicated shampoo Topical Antibiotics/steroid creams or sprays (ex: Betagen Spray) Treat underlying disease (fleas, allergies) Systemic steroids, Antibiotics Client Info Gentle cleansing BID E-collar may be necessary https://www.atdove.org/video/applying-topical- spray Betagen Spray: contains antibiotic and anti-inflammatory Avoid using anything that will dry or attract the animal to the area Wsh hands afterwards. Not likely able to contract anything, but if you’re immunocompromised.

Intertrigo Intertrigo: Inflammation due to skin to skin friction

Skin Fold Pyoderma (Intertrigo) Occurs in breeds with abundant skin Facial folds, vulvar folds, tail folds Folds trap moisture, heat and bacteria Diagnosis: clinical signs - affected area moist, red, ulcerated Rubbing results in trauma Facial folds may present a danger to the cornea of the eye due to hairs rubbing across the surface of the cornea Have a foul smell

Skin Fold Pyoderma Treatment: Relieve symptoms by cleaning and drying lesion Surgical correction of skin fold may be the only permanent solution Weight loss in obese patients may help Oral Antibiotics, or antibiotic containing wipes Antibacterial and/or benzoyl peroxide shampoos Client Info Require long term medical management Keep area dry and clean Keep hair/folds away from eyes Long term medical management

Skin Fold Pyoderma Vaginal Folds

Skin Fold Pyoderma Lip Folds

Acne

Acne Common in young short-haired dog breeds and cats Clinical Signs: can be chronic Clinical Signs: Chin swollen and painful to touch, dark spots => black heads (comedones) Diagnosis: clinical signs, r/o bite wounds, abscesses Usually with dogs – 3-12 months of age. As dogs mature, lesions go away. In cats it is more of a chronic condition. Cats of all ages.

ACNE Treatment: Client Info: clip hair on chin clean daily with human acne product) systemic antibiotics Topical antibiotic cream or spray Client Info: Daily cleaning of chin is required Use only ceramic or stainless steel bowls – NO PLASTIC Thought to be an allergy to the plastic https://www.atdove.org/video/feline-acne (DOVE)