The Displacement Tracking Matrix For Children on the Move

Background Grand Bargain IOM and UNICEF MOU (2006) Essentially a ‘Grand Bargain on efficiency’ between donors and humanitarian organizations to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of humanitarian action. Reduce duplication and management costs Improve joint and impartial needs assessments IOM and UNICEF MOU (2006) “Strengthen their relationship and their shared commitment toward improving the lives and well-being of children and families”. Work stream II - Inter-cluster coordination and information management Work stream III - Protection and assistance of Children on the move

DTM OPERATIONS OVERVIEW Collaboration with DTM presents an opportunity to obtain the data that we need! DTM OPERATIONS OVERVIEW

Components Data provided relevant to children on the move includes: FLOW MONITORING People on the move MOBILITY TRACKING Somewhat static populations: displacement sites, host communities, areas of return Flow Monitoring Registry Flow Monitoring Surveys Event tracking Is a methodological framework to capture and monitor displacement and population movements. Can provide information on evolving needs of mobile populations in places of displacement or transit. Is not designed to replace specialist assessments or programme monitoring. Does not gather incident-specific data. Data provided relevant to children on the move includes: The numbers of people in transit or displaced The push/pull factors leading to migration Evolving needs Issues with access to services High-level information to alert of protection, GBV and child protection issues and trends for further, more specialised follow-up. Baseline Area/Location Site/community Assessment REGISTRATION SURVEY Rapid Emergency Registrations Context-specific

DTM data relevant to children on the move DTM Flow Monitoring Reports, Event Tracking Reports Programme planning Early warning Alerts for follow-up DTM Flow monitoring surveys (mostly asked to adults)* Profile of people in transit to address: Potential barriers to accessing services Planning: communication material, linguistic skills of staff Information on potential CP issues to trigger CP assessments/ programme response/ advocacy Child trauma: Time in transit, push factors of migration, issues faced now Barriers of access to services in transit Detention Optional: questions on human trafficking. * Not usually a representative sample of the migrant population DTM Flow Monitoring Reports, Event Tracking Reports Programme planning: scale of the displacement/migration, routes & destinations, estimated # of children Early warning: Changed routes = need to ensure service provision in destination locations, increased flows = need to scale up activities. Alerts for follow-up: Routes passing through dangerous areas, issues with freedom of movement, interpretation re: adequacy of humanitarian response. DTM Flow monitoring surveys (mostly asked to adults)* Profile of people in transit to address: Potential barriers to accessing services Planning: communication material, linguistic skills of staff In LIBYA – knowledge of risks before moving, profiles of reasons for migration to advocate for refugee status. Information on potential CP issues to trigger cp assessments/ programme response/ advocacy Child trauma: Time in transit, push factors of migration, issues faced now Exposure to violence Barriers of access to services en-route Detention Optional: questions on human trafficking. * Not a representative sample. Any numbers quoted must say “% of respondents reported” rather than “% of migrants/IDPs experience”.

DTM data relevant to children in displacement sites, host communities, areas of return Baseline master-lists: # of migrants/displaced/returned per site/community Site assessments: Programme strategy/planning: SADD, humanitarian needs, availability of services Programme & advocacy response: Accessibility of services (and barriers to access) CP risks identified through protection mainstreaming (eg: lights in the camp, locks on the toilets) KI’s knowledge of available CP services CP assessment follow-up: Reported CP issues/risks* Unreported CP issues/risks * DTM data on types of CP risks can be used as a red-flag for the need for follow-up assessments. Integrated analysis may help identify locations with higher risks to children due to poor living conditions and site layout. Registration SADD Vulnerability categories (UASCs, child headed household, disabilities etc) Duration that children have been out of school, level of education Reporting where we are not Scale for programme planning: # of migrants/displaced/returned per site/community Unreported CP issues/risks (need for awareness raising campaign?) * DTM data cannot be used as evidence that a CP risks exists because it is under-reported by Key Informants. Assume that CP risks exist/incidents are happening, and use this data as a flag for follow-up. Using data from other sectors (WASH, FSL, Shelter, CCCM) will help to identify service availability gaps, living conditions and site-layout issues that may result in increased risks to children.

DTM Within the Protection Information Management Process DTM is one data provider within your overall information management system. Can I get this data more accurately from another source? Like Government mapping of services, registration lists (UNHCR doesn’t really apply to cluster settings). Assess Information landscape:   What exactly do I need to know for my cluster processes and response coordination (flash appeals, HNOs/SRPs, situational analysis, response coordination)? Consider for each: What is my purpose for this data and who is the intended audience of this data (partners, donors, humanitarian community, Government). What data do I need to present numerically to demonstrate the scale of the emergency (as a sum or percentage?) What data do I need to enable me to better understand and describe the impact of the situation? What data do I need to help me to coordinate partners for programmatic response? Am I only collecting what is absolutely necessary? (Proportionality of data collection to meet needs). How often do I need this data (just once, or on a regular basis to track trends?) How will I use this data for cluster coordination, response and processes? (Be specific! Will it be aggregated in a report? Be used to understand what is happening for situational analysis? Trigger specialist response?) Does this data already exist? (THINK accuracy: # vulnerable children may be more accurate from registration lists managed by the Gov or UNHCR) Design IM Systems Invite DTM to brief you and partners on the components that they are implementing & methodologies. Include protection cluster and GBV AoR. Sharing pathways & timelines for sensitive data & data requiring urgent action (see Sensitive Data Sharing Guidelines…..[dropbox link]) How data will be shared (raw-data, semi-analysed (and if so, which data-sets)). Feedback mechanisms to inform DTM on how you are using the data, challenges with data collection, and review the questions if necessary. Develop IM systems First consider: DTM’s is designed to provide regular high-level snapshots of a humanitarian situation. It is not designed to replace specialist assessments, nor to map locations and functionality of service providers in an administrative area. DTM does not interview children under the age of 14 years, nor does it collect protection incident data. When discussing with the DTM Coordinator: What methodology are they using, and will it provide the required level of accuracy for how intend to use the data? DTM Managers able to do quality control? What methodology are they using calculate demographic breakdown in order to know the accuracy level? (Registration lists, sampling?) What is the function of key informants, and at what level do key informants work at (site level data is more accurate than location-level, which is at a higher administrative level, like a municipality). Humanitarian imperative: If DTM is functioning in an area where there are no CPAoR partners, consider the balance between the humanitarian imperative of requesting data on issues that we cannot respond to vs the need for data to advocate for programmatic expansion/funding. Risk assessment of asking sensitive questions How often do you need the data Process and Analyze DTM may or may not partially analyse data for you. It is up to YOU to interpret it. Collaboration with DTM starts here

Lessons Learned: Designing the Questions Will the answer tell me something I don’t already know? Can I obtain more precise data from another source? Use simple, clear language for ease and accuracy of translation. Keep technical lingo, acronyms, and words influenced by cultural interpretation out of the question. Describe them instead. Child Replace “child” with minor/person/male/female “under the age of 18” Child-headed household Number of child-headed households (a household with adults who are unable to be the primary caretakers/livelihoods generators for the household, and in which a child under the age of 18 assumes this responsibility). Unaccompanied Child How many minors under 18 years are living with no mother, no father or any other adult relative members? Separated Child How many minors under 18 years are not living with their parents, however are living with other relatives? Child Labor Do you know any minors under the age of 18 in your community who have been involved in type of work that prevents them from going to school or puts their health at risk during the last month?   (May follow up with question on estimated numbers or % of boys and girls) Data from other sources: mapping of services etc. Harmful traditional practices/ child marriage. DTM is not designed to ask questions about coping mechanisms, and KI’s are biased when assessing the harmfulness of their own traditional practices. Technical & cultural lingo: Child Unaccompanied child: Some cultures interpret this as any child who is not accompanied by a man (even if with a female family member). Separated child: A foreign concept in some cultures who view any related child as equally part of the family as biological children. Head of household: Is unclear for many on whether this is the economic-head of the household, or the oldest family member, the care-giver, the decision-maker or a combination of several of the above. “association” with armed groups   For more examples, see Annex B in the DTM for the CP AoR guideline

Lessons Learned: Using DTM Data Population numbers & demographic breakdown Vulnerable population numbers Child protection risk data & severity scales When in doubt: “How was the data collected, who was interviewed/what is their function?” Demographic breakdown: Can quote numerically. Methodology has an impact on accuracy: Registration? Sampling? Vulnerable population numbers: Manage financial risk (of under-reported numbers that reduce the perceived scale of impact) vs reputational risk (if over reported) Who is interviewed? Flow monitoring surveys: Was speaking with Uganda colleagues who wanted to ask whether unaccompanied girls were travelling from SS to Uganda, to find marriage as a coping mechanism. Who is normally interviewed? Will this person have knowledge of this issue?” Key informants: what is their function? Can we add recommended key informants from local partners? For more examples, see the FAQ on DTM for the CP AoR

How can you support DTM to obtain better data and do no harm? Facilitate CP trainings Keep DTM in the loop regarding referral mechanisms & available services Offer to help review their internal urgent action process Provide feedback on analysis issues, usefulness of data, recommendations for changing questions

DTM Displacement Website Collaborating with DTM: DTM&Partners Toolkit DTM resources DTM datasets and reports are on DTM Displacement Website Collaborating with DTM: DTM&Partners Toolkit https://displacement.iom.int/dtm-toolkit/dtm-partners-toolkit https://displacement.iom.int/

Contact Shannon Hayes Email: shayes@unicef.org Skype: shannon.hayes1 Phone: +33 781 24 98 87