Ecological Succession Notes (3.1) State Standard SB4C. Relate environmental conditions to successional changes in ecosystems.

Chapter 3 Communities, Biomes, and Ecosystems 3.1 Community Ecology Limiting Factors Any biotic factor or abiotic factor that restricts the numbers, reproduction, or distribution of organisms is called a limiting factor. Includes sunlight, climate, temperature, water, nutrients, fire, soil chemistry, and space, and other living things

Chapter 3 Communities, Biomes, and Ecosystems 3.1 Community Ecology Range of Tolerance An upper limit and lower limit that define the conditions in which an organism can survive The ability of any organism to survive when subjected to abiotic factors or biotic factors is called tolerance.

Chapter 3 Communities, Biomes, and Ecosystems 3.1 Community Ecology ECOLOGICAL SUCCESSION The change in an ecosystem that happens when one community replaces another as a result of changing abiotic and biotic factors is ecological succession There are two types of ecological succession—primary succession and secondary succession.

ECOLOGICAL SUCCESSION - Primary Chapter 3 Communities, Biomes, and Ecosystems 3.1 Community Ecology ECOLOGICAL SUCCESSION - Primary The establishment of a community in an area of bare rock that does not have any soil is primary succession.

Chapter 3 Communities, Biomes, and Ecosystems 3.1 Community Ecology ECOLOGIAL SUCCESSION - Secondary The orderly and predictable change that takes place after a community of organisms has been removed but the soil has remained intact is secondary succession.

Pond succession can take hundreds of years Chapter 3 Communities, Biomes, and Ecosystems 3.1 Community Ecology ECOLOGIAL SUCCESSION - Ponds A pond is a relatively shallow hole where water collects & light penetrates to the bottom. If left unattended, a pond will fill in with dirt & debris until it becomes land. Pond succession can take hundreds of years

Chapter 3 Communities, Biomes, and Ecosystems ECOLOGIAL SUCCESSION - Ponds As in all types of succession, pond succession happens in predictable steps: Bare Bottom (algae/microorganisms) Submerged Vegetation Emerging Vegetation Temporary Pond/Marsh Terrestrial Ecosystem

Chapter 3

ECOLOGIAL SUCCESSION - Ponds Chapter 3 Communities, Biomes, and Ecosystems ECOLOGIAL SUCCESSION - Ponds