Bell Ringer What did Daniel Shays show the United States? Compare Thomas Paine and John Locke.

Vocab Limited Government AOC Suffrage Interstate commerce Tariffs Ratification

The Birth of a Superpower Our Constitution The Birth of a Superpower

Shays Rebellion Colonists in Mass. angry over high taxes. Farmer named Daniel Shays leads an armed rebellion. Congress cannot raise funds for an army Mass. finally raises an army and defeats Shay. Convinces many people the Articles need serious revision.

Call for Change Small number of people want change Reasons: Create a government that can do something! Fix many of the problems facing the states. People are too dumb to govern themselves Folks call for a convention in Annapolis Maryland to discuss changes.

Annapolis Convention 1786 Annapolis, Maryland Only 12 reps from 5 states show. Delegates plan to meet again in Philadelphia in 1787 Goal is to fix the national government.

Who attended- Questions to consider What was the purpose of the Constitutional Convention 1787? Where was the Constitutional Convention held? What type of “men” showed up at the convention? How many? What role did these men play? George Washington James Madison Ben Franklin

Convention 1787- Philadelphia Called the Constitutional Convention George Washington- President of the Constitutional Convention. Organizers- James Madison, Alexander Hamilton, & Benjamin Franklin

The Problem of Representation People were worried about equal representation for each state in the new government. How did it work under the AOC?

Convention 1787 – Philadelphia The Great Compromise- created a bicameral (two houses) legislature. House of Reps- represented population Senate represented states Born from Virginia and New Jersey Plan Virginia Plan- solved population representation (James Madison) New Jersey Plan- solved state representation

Bell ringer What was the biggest issue at the Constitutional Convention? What event happened that caused the people to want a new government? What was the Great Compromise? What motivates you?

Three-fifths compromise Slaves counted as three-fifths of a person. Why is this important to people?

What are Confederacies? Federalism Where a strong central government shares power with the states that make it up. Where a weak central government is controlled by the states. What are Confederacies?

arrows= power Central Government States States Local National or

Three Branches of Government Legislative- (to write laws)-Congress Executive- (to enforce laws)President and his cabinet secretaries Judicial- (decides if laws are fair) Supreme Court and Lowers Courts

The Constitution says how the government works. It creates the Executive (president) It creates the Congress (lawmaker) It creates the Supreme Court (decides if laws violate the law or Constitution).

Bell ringer Which article establishes the Amendment process? What power does the President have over the Legislative Branch? How many articles are in the Constitution? Why were they written?

Vocabulary Congress Federalists Anti-Federalists Bill of Rights Confederacy CEJSASR

Where does it say that? Article 1- Creates Congress or the Legislature- (the lawmaking body). Article 2- Creates the executive branch or the President and his Cabinet. Article 3- Creates the Judiciary and the National court hierarchy.

Legislative Branch- Congress Powers- From Article 1 Congress- bicameral two houses House of representatives- (for population) Senate – (for states) What do they do?- They write laws and approve government spending. Powers over the other branches President- They can impeach him/her, override his/her veto. Judicial- Approve nominated judges

Executive Branch – President & (Cabinet) Powers- from Article 2 Constitution President- he has a cabinet to assist him. What does he do? – Enforces the law He is Commander and chief Powers over the other branches- Legislative- he can veto bills Judicial- he appoints judges to the Supreme Court

Judicial Branch- Supreme Court Powers- from Article 3 Constitution Supreme Court- The State Supreme Courts send cases to them What do they do? Decide if laws are fair. Powers over the other branches- Legislative-They can strike a law down that violates the rights of the people. President- They preside over impeachment hearings.

Don’t be Judgin’! Marbury V Madison (1803) Gave the Supreme Court the power of Judicial review. We will discuss this later on when we talk about Thomas Jefferson.

Check yo self Checks and balances- Keeps each branch in check. How did it work? Draw this..

Newspaper Activity Work with a partner One partner should research the Constitution (pg. 264-273). This partner is in charge of deciding which Article and Section the newspaper clip belongs to in the Constitution. (ex. 1,2,3 article) One partner needs to read the article and explain it to the other partner. This partner will be in charge of writing the summary of the newspaper clip. Questions both partner should answer for your grade. What branch of government is your clip talking about? Which article and section is the newspaper clip ? What level? (Federal, State, or Local) Explain the clip Use the example taped on the board

Federalist vs. Anti-Federalist Federalist supported the Constitution They wanted a strong government They did not want powerful states Anti. Would not support the Const. without a bill of rights. They wanted a weak government They wanted strong states

Checks and balances The executive- can veto laws passed by the legislative, and appoints Supreme Court Judges The legislative- can impeach (or remove) the president, and they approve Supreme Court judges The Judiciary reviews the actions of the legislative and executive branches.

Bill of Rights The Bill of Rights are the first ten Amendments. The Bill of Rights lists the rights of the people.

Bell Ringer Which branch of government does the first Article of the Constitution create? What was the biggest problem at the Constitutional Convention? What motivates you?

Antifeds versus Federalist Get into groups of four Understand your topic Come up with some arguments about your topic. We will have our first formal debate. Agriculture V Manufacturing Strong V Weak government

Debate Procedure Affirmative- Argument Negative- Rebuttal Affirmative – Response Negative- Argument Affirmative- Rebuttal Negative – Response Affirmative- Close Negative- Close

Rights You have the right to be treated equally. You have the right to think for yourself

200 Years Later Our Constitution is still followed today. It is thought of as one of the greatest documents ever written.