Discoveries & Inventions: Astronomy p. 358-363

I. Discovery leads to doubt A. Studied old texts, ie Ptolemy’s map B. Columbus proves map wrong C. Doubt about ancient texts arises

II. Copernicus A. Observed orbits of planets & sun B. Theorized sun was center & planets revolved around it (opposite of beliefs of that time)

III. Tycho Brahe A. Danish astronomer B. Observed & carefully recorded positions of 750 stars

IV. Johannes Kepler A. Observed & stated that planet orbits are elliptical (ovals) & not circular B. Helped prove Copernicus’ idea of planets orbiting sun C. Ideas accepted in modern science

V. Galileo Galilei A. First to study sky with telescope B. Discovered craters & mountains on moon C. Studied mechanics (object & motion) D. set up experiments to test theories

Discoveries and Inventions (Part II) Pg. 362-363

I. Sir Isaac Newton A. Reviewed previous scientific works B. Made observations C. Wrote 4 Theories (eventually known as laws) of how physical world works 1. Gravity

2. Laws of Motion ex. For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction D. Ideas became foundation of scientific study until 1900s. E. Invented Calculus F. Studied light 1.Proved light made up of all colors 2. invented reflecting telescope Newton vs. Bill Nye rap?

II. Inventions A. Microscope 1. invented by Antoni van Leeuwenhoek 2. studied pond water, etc. B. Thermometer – Galileo invented C. Telescope D. Barometer 1. invented by Evangelista Torricelli 2. measures air pressure E. Allowed more accurate observations