Fig. 4 Lkb1 loss in sciatic nerves triggers a metabolic reprogramming.

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Fig. 4 Lkb1 loss in sciatic nerves triggers a metabolic reprogramming. Lkb1 loss in sciatic nerves triggers a metabolic reprogramming. (A) 1H HRMAS NMR spectrum of the two sciatic nerves of a cKO mouse. Insets showing lipid and macromolecule peaks. (B) Zoom on small metabolites from (A) (blue bracket). Loadings of the predictive component of the multivariate statistical model built with spectral buckets of WT and cKO mouse spectra for identification of up-regulated (positive) and down-regulated (negative) metabolites in cKO mice. The loading plots are colored according to variable importance to the projection, and some assignments are indicated. Glucose, glutamate, alanine, and lipid peaks have the highest correlation value. (C) Mean relative amplitude of glucose [d = 4.65 parts per million (ppm)], alanine (d = 1.48 ppm), and glutamate (d = 2.35 ppm) peaks in each mouse group relative to trimethylsilylpropionate (TSP) at 0 ppm. (D) Schematic representation of metabolic pathways illustrating the defects observed by metabolomics profiling on sciatic nerves upon Lkb1 ablation. αKG, α-ketoglutarate; OAA, oxaloacetate; ALAT, alanine aminotransferase; ASAT, aspartate aminotransferase; GLS, glutaminase; GS, glutamine synthetase; LDHA/B, lactate dehydrogenase A/B; PC, pyruvate carboxylase; PKM2, pyruvate kinase M2; PSAT, phosphoserine aminotransferase. (E) Intracellular alanine concentration of control (siCont.) or Lkb1 knockdown (siLkb1) glial JoMa1.3 cells (n = 3). (F) Western blot (left) showing decreased mTORC1 activity in WT MEF treated with 10 μM of the AMPK agonist 991. Alanine concentration (represented as percentage relative to control) is shown on the right (n = 4). (G) Western blot validating MEF WT and double knockout (dKO) for AMPKα1/2 (left). Alanine concentration (percentage relative to control) is shown (right, n = 6). (H) Schematic representation of metabolic reprogramming triggered by Lkb1 silencing (siLkb1, left) or by ALAT inhibition with chloroalanine inhibitor (Cl-ala; right) concomitant to siLkb1. (I) Glial differentiation assessed by S100 immunostaining of JoMa1.3 cells upon chloroalanine treatment. Representative images (left) and quantification (right) of the percentage of S100-positive cells (n = 3). (J) RT-qPCR showing expression of metabolic genes in glial JoMa1.3 cells upon Lkb1 silencing. GPT1, 2, glutamic pyruvate transaminase (encoding ALAT1, 2). Data are expressed as relative expression in control cells compared to siLkb1 cells (siCont./siLkb1). Only GPT2 expression is slightly enriched in siLkb1-treated cells (n = 4). Anca G. Radu et al. Sci Adv 2019;5:eaau5106 Copyright © 2019 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original U.S. Government Works. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial License 4.0 (CC BY-NC).