Myocardial protection by ischemic preconditioning and δ-opioid receptor activation in the isolated working rat heart Matthias Karck, MDa, Satonori Tanaka,

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Myocardial protection by ischemic preconditioning and δ-opioid receptor activation in the isolated working rat heart Matthias Karck, MDa, Satonori Tanaka, MDa, Steven F. Bolling, MDb, Andre Simon, MDa, Tsung-Ping Su, PhDc, Peter R. Oeltgen, PhDd, Axel Haverich, MDa The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Volume 122, Issue 5, Pages 986-992 (November 2001) DOI: 10.1067/mtc.2001.116950 Copyright © 2001 American Association for Thoracic Surgery Terms and Conditions

Fig. 1 Experimental protocol of isolated heart perfusion. L, Langendorff perfusion; W, working heart perfusion; IPC, ischemic preconditioning. The upper scheme represents the protocol with ischemic preconditioning by one cycle of 5 minutes of global normothermic ischemia followed by 5 minutes of normothermic reperfusion before subsequent global hypothermic ischemia (45 minutes at 30°C). The lower scheme represents the perfusion protocol without ischemic preconditioning and 10 minutes of Langendorff perfusion instead. Myocardial function and creatine kinase (CK) leakage were assessed at the indicated time points. The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 2001 122, 986-992DOI: (10.1067/mtc.2001.116950) Copyright © 2001 American Association for Thoracic Surgery Terms and Conditions

Fig. 2 Recovery rates of aortic flow (in percentage of preischemic value). IPC, Ischemic preconditioning; DADLE, D-Ala2-D-Leu5 enkephalin. *P =.038 versus “control IPC+”; means of groups “control IPC+,” “DADLE IPC-,” and “DADLE IPC+” were different from group means of all other groups (P ||.001). The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 2001 122, 986-992DOI: (10.1067/mtc.2001.116950) Copyright © 2001 American Association for Thoracic Surgery Terms and Conditions