Amb a 1–linked CpG oligodeoxynucleotides reverse established airway hyperresponsiveness in a murine model of asthma Joanna V. Santeliz, MDa, Gary Van.

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Amb a 1–linked CpG oligodeoxynucleotides reverse established airway hyperresponsiveness in a murine model of asthma Joanna V. Santeliz, MDa, Gary Van Nest, PhDb, Paula Traquina, MScb, Elizabeth Larsen, BSb, Marsha Wills-Karp, PhDc Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology Volume 109, Issue 3, Pages 455-462 (March 2002) DOI: 10.1067/mai.2002.122156 Copyright © 2002 Mosby, Inc. Terms and Conditions

Fig. 1 Experimental protocol. BALB/cj mice were sensitized by means of an intraperitoneal injection of RWP in alum on days 0 and 3. On day 10, mice were challenged intratracheally with RWP or PBS as a control. On days 14 and 21, mice were injected intradermally with 10 μg of either Amb a 1 alone, Amb a 1-ISS conjugate, or Amb a 1-non-ISS control conjugate. On day 28, mice were rechallenged intratracheally with either RWP or PBS. Characterization of the allergic phenotype was performed 72 hours after the second antigen challenge. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 2002 109, 455-462DOI: (10.1067/mai.2002.122156) Copyright © 2002 Mosby, Inc. Terms and Conditions

Fig. 2 A, Amb a 1-ISS treatment inhibits ragweed-induced AHR. AHR was defined by the time-integrated change in peak airway pressure (airway pressure-time index [APTI] ; in centimeters of water times seconds). Values shown are means ± SE of 8 to 10 animals per group. *P < .0001 compared with PBS control; **P = .03 compared with the RWP-sensitized and RWP-challenged group; and +P = .0005 compared with the RWP-sensitized and RWP-challenged group. B , Administration of Amb a 1-non-ISS did not suppress ragweed-induced AHR. Protocol is as described in Fig 1. Values shown are means ± SE of 8 to 10 animals per group. *P < .0001 compared with PBS control. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 2002 109, 455-462DOI: (10.1067/mai.2002.122156) Copyright © 2002 Mosby, Inc. Terms and Conditions

Fig. 3 Effects of ragweed sensitization and challenge on cellular infiltration and mucus-containing cells in the airway wall. Ten-micrometer lung sections were fixed in formalin and stained with hematoxylin, eosin, and periodic acid-Schiff. Representative sections were obtained from the following treatment groups: A , PBS/PBS control group with few mucus-containing cells and no interstitial inflammatory cells; B , RWP/PBS group with ragweed-induced marked increases in interstitial inflammatory cells and intense periodic acid-Schiff staining in airway epithelium; C , RWP/Amb a 1; D , RWP/Amb a 1-ISS with inflammatory infiltrates and mucus-containing cells; E , high-power view (40×) of section from RWP/PBS; and F , high-power view of section from RWP/Amb a 1-ISS with no significant suppression of ragweed-induced inflammatory cells or mucus-containing cells. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 2002 109, 455-462DOI: (10.1067/mai.2002.122156) Copyright © 2002 Mosby, Inc. Terms and Conditions

Fig. 4 A, Amb a 1-ISS treatment increases IFN-γ-productive capacity of murine splenocytes stimulated in vitro with Amb a 1. Spleens were harvested 72 hours after antigen challenge, and splenocytes from individual mice were cultured for 96 hours in the presence of 25 μg of Amb a 1. Values shown are means ± SE of 8 to 10 animals per group. *P < .005 compared with the RWP/PBS and RWP/Amb a 1 groups. B , Splenocytes stimulated in vitro with PMA show similar IFN-γ responses. Splenocytes from individual mice were cultured for 96 hours in the presence of 10 ng/mL PMA. C , In vivo Amb a 1-ISS treatment of ragweed-sensitized mice does not suppress the IL-5-productive capacity of their splenocytes when stimulated with Amb a 1 in vitro. IL-5 levels in supernatants were measured by means of ELISA. *P < .04 versus PBS/PBS and +P = .001 versus PBS/PBS. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 2002 109, 455-462DOI: (10.1067/mai.2002.122156) Copyright © 2002 Mosby, Inc. Terms and Conditions