The Inca Empire pgs. (422-431)

I. Rise of the Inca Empire       A. The Early Incas            1. Began a small tribe in the Andes Mountains            2. Pachacuti became the tribe's leader in 1438            3. Gained territory by agreements with other                  tribes and/or conquest            4. Expanded to new territory and stretched                 between Northern Ecuador and central Chile        

B. Government and Language 1. Made leaders move out of their conquered villages 2. Made children move out of conquered villages, and moved to the capital to learn about Inca government and religion 3. Established an official language called Quechua 4. Kept records with cords called quipus

C. Economy C. Economy 1. Government controlled economy 2. Inca's payed the government by labor, and was called Mita. 3. Government told which house what work they had to do. 4. There were no merchants or markets in the empire.

II. Spanish Conquer Incas A. Civil War Began 1. A civil war began between the Spanish and the Incas in 1530 2. Fighting weakened the Inca army B. Capture of the King 1. Spanish had a secret meeting with the new king 2. They asked him to convert to Christianity, and he refused. 3. When the king refused, he was taken into captivity

III. Incan Daily Life and Society A. Had two main social classes- an upper and lower class 1. Upper class contained the King, priests, and government 2. Upper class sons went to school in Cuzco 3. Upper class lived in stone houses, didn't have to pay labor tax, and often had servants.

B. Daily Life for Lower Class 1. Lower class contained farmers, artisans, and servants 2. Most children didn't go to school 3. Some carefully chosen girls went to school to learn weaving, cooking, and religion.

C. Religion 1. Inca Empire had an official religion 2. When the Inca's conquered territories, they taught this religion to the people in that conquered territory 3. Conquered peoples could still worship their gods. 4. The sun god was the most important in the empire 5. People thought that their king was somehow related to the gods, and so, they thought that the king never really died. 6. Incans had ceremonies and sacrificed llamas, cloth, or food.

IV. Building, Art, and Literature A. Building 1. Known for massive buildings and forts made out of stone blocks 2. Inca's masonry was of such high quality, that some structures are even used today 3. Build 2 major roads in the empire

B. Art 1. Artisans made gold and silver jewelry 2. Created a life-sized field of corn made out of gold and silver 3. Made colorful textiles

C. Oral Literature 1. No written records of the Incan empire before the Spanish Conquest 2. Used songs and stories instead 3. Songs and stories were usually about daily life and military victories 4. After the Spanish Conquest, Incans started to learn and write in Spanish.