Anatomy and Physiology, Sixth Edition Rod R. Seeley Idaho State University Trent D. Stephens Idaho State University Philip Tate Phoenix College Chapter 04 Lecture Outline* *See PowerPoint Image Slides for all figures and tables pre-inserted into PowerPoint without notes. Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
Histology: The Study of Tissues Chapter 4 Histology: The Study of Tissues
Tissues and Histology Tissue Level of Organization Epithelial Connective Muscle Nervous Histology: Microscopic Study of Tissues
Embryonic Tissue Germ layers Endoderm Mesoderm Ectoderm Inner layer Forms lining of digestive tract and derivatives Mesoderm Middle layer Forms tissues as muscle, bone, blood vessels Ectoderm Outer layer Forms skin and neuroectoderm
Epithelium Characteristics Consists almost entirely of cells Covers body surfaces and forms glands Has free and basal surface Specialized cell contacts Avascular Undergoes mitosis
Functions of Epithelia Protecting underlying structures Acting as barriers Permitting the passage of substances Secreting substances Absorbing substances
Classification of Epithelium Simple Squamous, cuboidal, columnar Stratified Pseudostratified columnar Transitional Cuboidal to columnar when not stretched and squamouslike when stretched
Types of Epithelium
Types of Epithelium
Types of Epithelium
Types of Epithelium
Types of Epithelium
Types of Epithelium
Types of Epithelium
Types of Epithelium
Functional Characteristics Cell layers and shapes Diffusion, Filtration, Secretion, Absorption, Protection Cell surfaces Microvilli: Increase surface area absorption or secretion Cilia: Move materials across cell surface Cell connections Desmosomes, tight, gap Glands Exocrine: Have ducts Endocrine: Have no ducts
Cell Connections Functions Types Bind cells together Form permeability layer Intercellular communication Types Desmosomes Tight Gap
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