Aim: How does Nixon address the issues facing the United States at home and abroad? Do Now: a) Using the reading provided, summarize Nixon’s domestic agenda using the following sentences as guidelines. Homework: a) Start working on Review Sheet #11 – Due: Thursday, May 22, 2014

Tinker v. Des Moines School District (1969) Issue: Is the peaceful wearing of armbands by students attending public schools to protest the nation's involvement in war freedom of speech protected by the First Amendment? Decision: By a 7-2 vote, the Supreme Court overturned the judgment of the lower courts and ruled in favor of the First Amendment rights of public school students Impact: Student civil liberties are not left at the school house gate.

LBJ – Dem. /Liberal = More Social Programs V. Nixon – Rep LBJ – Dem./Liberal = More Social Programs V. Nixon – Rep./Conservative = Less social programs

1. Nixon’s New Federalism called for 2. Under the Revenue Sharing Plan, state and local governments could… Could spend their federal dollars however they saw fit within certain limitations. 3. Under the Family Assistance Plan, poor families would… Every Family of four with no outside income would receive a basic federal payment of $1,600 – Up to $4,000 supplemental. 4. Nixon’s New Federalism enhanced… several Key federal programs and it dismantled others. LBJ had given the Federal Govt. too much power. New federalism sought to distribute a portion of federal power to State & Local govts.

5. An example of New Federalism two faces is… On one hand he increased federal spending for social programs like Medicare, Medicaid & Food stamps. On the other hand Nixon tried to dismantle social programs and impounded federal funds for other programs. 6. Nixon’s impoundment of funds resulted in…. $15 Billion in Federal funds being withheld from social programs created by Kennedy & Johnson. Evetnually the federal courts ordered the funds to be distributed as planned.

Nixon – Domestic Policy Nixon Slow Integration: To attract southern white voters he wanted to slow down integration 1969: he ordered the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare to delay desegregation in Mississippi and South Carolina Nixon opposed the extension of the Voting Rights Act of 1969 (the act had added nearly 1 million African Americans to the voting rolls) Congress did not listen and voted to extend the act

Nixon – Domestic Policy A Stagnant Economy: One of the more pressing issues facing Nixon was a troubled economy. Between 1967 and 1973 the US faced high inflation and high unemployment- a situation called STAGNATION. High inflation- the result of Johnson’s policy to fund the war and social programs (Great Society) Stagflation- increased competition amongst international trade, flood of new workers, including women and the baby boomers. Aug 1971: President put controls on prices and wages for 90 days; inflation eased for a short time but recession continued

Nixon – Foreign Policy Realpolitik: Promised by Henry Kissinger, Nixon’s secretary of state German word meaning “political realism” Foreign policy should be based solely on consideration of power not ideals or moral principles (evaluate its power not its philosophy) If a country was weak. IGNORE IT! US was now to confront world powers; confrontation meant more negotiation as well as military engagements.

Nixon – Foreign Policy Détente: Policy aimed at easing Cold War tension Nixon did this by visiting China and the Soviet Union and becoming involved in peace talks with Vietnam

Nixon – Foreign Policy SALT I TREATY: (Strategic Arms Limitation Talks) This was between the US and the Soviet Union and resulted in an arms-race breakthrough- fixed limits on intercontinental (long-range) ballistic missiles or ICBM’s; and antiballistic (defensive) missiles or ABM’s

Watergate and Resignation: The Watergate scandal was a political scandal in the United States in the 1970s, resulting from the break-in into the Democratic National Committee headquarters at the Watergate office complex in Washington, D.C. The affair began with the arrest of five men for breaking and entering into the Democratic National Committee headquarters at the Watergate complex on June 17, 1972. The subsequent investigation by the FBI connected the men to the 1972 Committee to Re-elect the President. As evidence mounted against the president's staff, which included former staff members testifying against them in an investigation conducted by the Senate Watergate Committee, it was revealed that President Nixon had a tape recording system in his offices and that he had recorded many conversations. Recordings from these tapes implicated the president, revealing that he had attempted to cover up the break-in. After a series of court battles, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that the president had to hand over the tapes; he ultimately complied. Facing near-certain impeachment in the House of Representatives and a strong possibility of a conviction in the Senate, Nixon resigned the office of the presidency on August 9, 1974. His successor, Gerald Ford, issued a pardon to President Nixon after his resignation.