Stimulation of VTA GABA neurons reduces firing activity in the DG in vivo. Stimulation of VTA GABA neurons reduces firing activity in the DG in vivo. A,

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Stimulation of VTA GABA neurons reduces firing activity in the DG in vivo. Stimulation of VTA GABA neurons reduces firing activity in the DG in vivo. A, Schematic of the single-unit recordings in the DG of anesthetized mice. An optic fiber connected to a blue laser was implanted above the VTA for the light stimulation of ChR2-expressing GABA neurons (20 5 ms pulses at 20 Hz). B, Sample confocal image showing the optical fiber positioning above the VTA. C, Sample confocal images showing the position of the recording electrode in the upper blade of the DG. D, Spike waveform, PSTH, and raster plot of a sample GABA neuron recorded in the VTA and showing an increase in firing rate upon blue light stimulation (light blue-shaded area). E, Spike waveform, PSTH, and raster plot of a sample responsive neuron in the DG showing a moderate reduction in the firing rate during blue light stimulation. F, Average firing rate of responsive neurons during (stim) or after (poststim) light stimulation normalized to baseline firing (n = 10). G, Average firing frequency of responsive neurons recorded in the DG (n = 10). Niels R. Ntamati, and Christian Lüscher eneuro 2016;3:ENEURO.0137-16.2016 ©2016 by Society for Neuroscience