Model of CMV attachment and entry.

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Model of CMV attachment and entry. Model of CMV attachment and entry. (A) CMV entry receptors. (1) CMV initially tethers to cells through interactions between heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs) and the gB and gM/gN complexes. (2) gB then interacts with cell surface receptors, which may include integrins, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), and platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha (PDGFRα). gH complexes may interact with integrins and additional cell surface receptors. Receptor binding results in signal transduction that likely primes the fusion event. (3) gH/gL complexes and gB then act together to initiate membrane fusion. (B) Cell entry pathways. CMV entry into fibroblast cells occurs at the cell surface and/or in macropinocytic vacuoles and requires gB and the gH/gL/gO complex in a pH-independent fusion event. Entry into epithelial, endothelial, dendritic, and monocytic cells occurs via endocytosis and/or macropinocytosis followed by a pH-dependent fusion event and requires gB, gH/gL/gO, and the PC. Thomas J. Gardner, and Domenico Tortorella Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev. 2016; doi:10.1128/MMBR.00018-16