Unit 1 – Introduction to ARHS & Earth Science Ashley Ridge HS

The Metric System Base units Length – meter (m) Time – second (s) Volume – Liter (L) Mass – gram (g) Temperature – Kelvin (K)

The Metric System Prefixes are used to increase or decrease the size of the base units. Kilo (k)- x 1000 Hecta (H)- x 100 Deca (D)- x 10 deci (d)- x 1/10 centi (c)- x 1/100 milli (m)- x 1/1000 Example: 1 kilogram is ______ times larger than 1 gram. 1 centigram is ____ times smaller than 1 gram.

Metric Conversion Conversion in the metric system is relatively easy because the units are based in 10s, so you can just move the decimal point. Use this mnemonic device to help: King Henry died drinking chocolate milk. Example: 4 g = _____ Hg K H D _____ d c m

More Practice You can work with your group members, but just like the bell ringer, make sure ALL group members know the answers and understand how to get them. 7 K = _____ mK 9.2 cm = ____ km 1.5 ks = _____ ds

Dimensional Analysis Useful for conversion between non-metric units. Write starting value as a fraction over 1. Write conversion factor as a fraction, with desired new unit on top. Solve for the new value. Ex: Convert 10 km to miles. (1 mile = 1.609 km) ____________ x ____________ = _____________ Ex: Convert 10 miles to km. (1 mile = 1.609 km)

More Practice You can work with your group members, but just like the bell ringer, make sure ALL group members know the answers and understand how to get them. Ex: Convert 3 meters to feet. (1m = 3.28 ft) ____________ x ____________ = _____________ Ex: Convert 5.2 feet to meters. (1m = 3.28 ft)

What is the name for the diagram shown to the right? What kinds of information can be learned from diagrams like this one?

Topography – Key Terms Topography – the size and shape of the land surface features of a region Elevation – height above sea level Profile – cross-sectional (side-view) graph of the land feature’s elevation

Match each topographical map on the left with its profile on the right.

Answers:

Contour Lines Contour line – a line that connects points of equal elevation on a map The marked point on this map is the [highest , lowest] point of elevation on this map. Lowest – the numbers on the contour lines increase going out in all directions from this point. https://nationalmap.gov/small_scale/100topos/Menan_Buttes.html

Contour Lines The marked point on this map is the [highest , lowest] point of elevation on this map. Highest – the numbers on the contour lines decrease going out in all directions from this point.

Contour Interval Contour interval – the difference in elevation between each contour line on the entire map Find two numbered contour lines (800 and 700) Subtract their values (ex: 800 – 700 = 100) Divide by the number of intervals between those lines (ex: 100 ÷ 5 = 20) Use the contour interval to determine the elevation of unmarked lines. 780 760 740 720

Find the contour interval for this map. 750 – 700 = 50 50 ÷ 5 = 10 740 730 720 710

Map Scale Scale – the relationship between the distance shown on a map and the actual distance

Gradient = (change in elevation) ÷ distance