Section A: Exercise and Sport Physiology

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Presentation transcript:

Section A: Exercise and Sport Physiology 1. Energy concepts

Syllabus Definitions of energy, work and power and the units they are expressed in Forms of energy to include chemical, kinetic and potential

Energy Concepts CONCEPT DEFINITION UNITS ENERGY Ability to perform work Joules (J) WORK Ability to apply force over a distance POWER Work (F × D) divided by time Watts (W)

Energy Concepts: in regard to physical activity, energy and work can be used interchangeably! Weight control is an example of utilising this information. Energy expenditure versus energy input WORK Relating this concept to a practical use consider; the work/energy required for a 90kg person to walk 100m. Body weight × 10 = force. Force × 100m = 90,000J

Energy Concepts POWER Consider the practical use when assessing human movement i.e. a 100m race. Increasing power means: SAME work done in SHORTER time period OR MORE work done in SAME time period Usain Bolt: 94kg / 9.63 seconds (94kg × 10) × 100m / 9.63 = 9761 Watts work (F×D) divided by time!

Forms of Energy Chemical energy Kinetic energy Potential energy Energy is contained in the structure/bond of the atom or molecule Kinetic energy Energy an object possesses due to its motion Potential energy Energy stored by matter due to its position

Chemical Energy 1 Cal = 4184 Joules Calorie = the energy needed to increase 1 litre of water by 1 degree Celsius at a pressure of 1 atmosphere 1 Cal = 4184 Joules

Kinetic Energy

Potential Energy

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