Widening the Options for Major Depressive Disorder

Introduction: MDD and Current State of Affairs

Common Signs and Symptoms of an MDE: ICD-10

Clinician Experience With Symptoms in Patients With TRD

Clinician Experience With Residual Depressive Symptoms in Patients With TRD

What to Investigate if a Patient Does Not Respond to Treatment

Summary of What to Watch For

Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis of 21 Antidepressant Drugs for MDD: Efficacy Comparison

ICD Diagnostic Classification: Severity of Symptoms

Remission Rates With Conventional Antidepressants: STAR*D

Standard Definition of TRD and Treatment Response

Thase and Rush System for Staging Resistance to Antidepressants

Therapeutic Options in Partial and Nonresponders: WFSBP Guideline

Importance of Documenting Treatments and Symptoms Before Diagnosing Treatment Resistance

Summary of Key Points in Diagnosis and Management

Novel Pathways Under Investigation for the Treatment of MDD and TRD

Glutamate: Role in the Brain and Psychiatric Disorders

Ketamine: History and Mechanism of Action

Meta-Analysis of Treatment Response to IV Ketamine

Ketamine: IV, Intranasal, and Oral Formulations

Reduction of Suicidal Ideation

Longer-Term Effects of Ketamine

Brexanolone Injection in Postpartum Depression: Results from 2 Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Phase 3 Trials

Psychedelic Psilocybin With Psychological Support for TRD: 6-Month Follow-Up

Biologic Infliximab in Mitigating Depressive Symptoms in Adults With Bipolar Disorder Reporting Physical Abuse

The Goal of Personalized, Precision-Based Medicine

Potential Biomarkers in MDD

Nonpharmacologic Approaches for MDD and TRD

Concluding Remarks

Abbreviations

Abbreviations (cont)