The Articles to the Constitution The Development of American Government 6:49 AM

End of the Revolution What did the United States win? The Treaty of Paris 1783 allowed for: US Independence Expanded boundaries Florida to Spain Fishing rights All debts would be paid All property would be returned British would leave forts and ports Mississippi navigation freedom End of the Revolution 6:49 AM

Articles of Confederation 6:49 AM

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Short List of Crises Can’t pay debt Can’t regulate currency No uniform diplomacy British intrigues Spanish intrigues Barbary pirates Risk of internal secession (Tenn/VT) Indian raids Inflation No hard money British market gone Need unanimous consent to amend Articles No more common goal = disunity

Successes of the Articles Land Ordinance of 1785 States give up land to Congress Land owned by Congress and sold to developers Establishes orderly settlement Congress makes laws in territories Northwest Ordinance of 1787 Future states are equal Public education No slavery in NW Territory Successes of the Articles 6:49 AM

The Constitution 6:49 AM

Constitutional Convention Shays’ Rebellion Meet in Philly in 1787 to amend Articles Mostly Federalists 6:49 AM

Basic Structure Three branches – separation of powers First Major Compromise: The Connecticut Compromise, aka Great Compromise Madison’s Virginia Plan Patterson’s New Jersey Plan 6:49 AM

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Slavery Never mentioned by name in Constitution 3 clauses deal with it “other persons, ”"person held to service or labor,” "such persons as any of the States now existing shall think proper to admit." 3 clauses deal with it Fugitive Slave Clause Difficult to enforce – “Liberty Laws” Importation of Slaves Only restriction on Congress’ commerce power 3/5 Compromise Compromises were necessary to retain southern unity Rutledge of S.C. - “Religion and humanity have nothing to do with this question,” Unless regulation of the slave trade was left to the states, the southern-most states “shall not be parties to the union.” 6:49 AM

Ratification The Federalist Papers and The Bill of Rights 6:49 AM

Bill of Rights Antifederalists fear the new Constitution’s powers Individual protections from the federal government Adopted by the First Congress Not fully incorporated until 1970s. 6:49 AM

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