Public Charging Infrastructure Fast & Rapid + Access Charlie O’Donoghue CTO EV Driver Ltd Copyright Reserved EV Driver Ltd.

Themes Element Topic Location Tariffs Type / Configuration Identity vs. Ad Hoc Infrastructure Access Copyright Reserved EV Driver Ltd.

location Types Status * Restriction Not always live On street A physical site where a charger installation is Types Status * Restriction On street Parking Garage Underground Garage Parking Lot Other Available Blocked Charging Inoperative Out of Order EV Only Plugged Disabled Customers Motorcycles These largely do not apply to petrol fuel stations These Locations are typically not signposted on the roadside Require Maps to locate such as Zap Map or Plug Share Copyright Reserved EV Driver Ltd.

Tariff Types Visibility Energy Flat Parking Time Time How a charging network bills the driver Types Visibility Energy Defined in kWh, step size usually: 1 kWh Flat Flat fee, no unit Parking Time Time not charging: defined in hours usually Time Time charging: defined in hours or minutes In the charging world the people who operate the charger aren’t always the people you’re paying to use it You may be paying a Roaming Partner A roaming partner may add a percentage to a tariff So like roadside petrol vs village petrol Most UK chargers have one price though Copyright Reserved EV Driver Ltd.

Type / Configuration Types Connectors leccy Fast AC Rapid AC What kind of charger and what this means for how long it takes to charge as well as whether it works with your car Types Connectors Fast AC 7, 11, 22 kWh Rapid AC 43 kWh Rapid DC (current) 50 kWh Rapid DC (to come) 120 (Tesla), 150, 350 kWh There are actually 25 connectors but 5 main ones AC: Type 1 Type 2 DC: Chademo CCS Tesla leccy Copyright Reserved EV Driver Ltd.

Identity vs. Ad Hoc Types Challenges Rfid card/fob/keyring How a driver accesses a charger to turn it on and pay Types Challenges Rfid card/fob/keyring Just like a fuel card Application on a smartphone Takes various forms but mostly similar Contactless Electronic point of sale like Apple Pay Sms / Phone call Identity typically required Every one of the following access types are a per network basis Some networks have memberships others don’t There are compatibility issues ZipCar case study with the REA Copyright Reserved EV Driver Ltd.

Deben Mill Business Centre Q & A Charlie O’Donoghue Charlie@evdriver.co.uk Unit 9 Deben Mill Business Centre Woodbridge Suffolk IP12 1BL Copyright Reserved EV Driver Ltd.